1 /************************************************************************/
3 \brief Realtime audio i/o C++ classes.
5 RtAudio provides a common API (Application Programming Interface)
6 for realtime audio input/output across Linux (native ALSA, Jack,
7 and OSS), Macintosh OS X (CoreAudio and Jack), and Windows
8 (DirectSound, ASIO and WASAPI) operating systems.
10 RtAudio WWW site: http://www.music.mcgill.ca/~gary/rtaudio/
12 RtAudio: realtime audio i/o C++ classes
13 Copyright (c) 2001-2017 Gary P. Scavone
15 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
16 obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files
17 (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
18 including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
19 publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
20 and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
21 subject to the following conditions:
23 The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
24 included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
26 Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
27 asked to send the modifications to the original developer so that
28 they can be incorporated into the canonical version. This is,
29 however, not a binding provision of this license.
31 THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
32 EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
33 MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
34 IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
35 ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
36 CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
37 WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
39 /************************************************************************/
48 #define RTAUDIO_VERSION "5.0.0"
50 #if defined _WIN32 || defined __CYGWIN__
51 #if defined(RTAUDIO_EXPORT)
52 #define RTAUDIO_DLL_PUBLIC __declspec(dllexport)
54 #define RTAUDIO_DLL_PUBLIC
58 #define RTAUDIO_DLL_PUBLIC __attribute__( (visibility( "default" )) )
60 #define RTAUDIO_DLL_PUBLIC
69 /*! \typedef typedef unsigned long RtAudioFormat;
70 \brief RtAudio data format type.
72 Support for signed integers and floats. Audio data fed to/from an
73 RtAudio stream is assumed to ALWAYS be in host byte order. The
74 internal routines will automatically take care of any necessary
75 byte-swapping between the host format and the soundcard. Thus,
76 endian-ness is not a concern in the following format definitions.
78 - \e RTAUDIO_SINT8: 8-bit signed integer.
79 - \e RTAUDIO_SINT16: 16-bit signed integer.
80 - \e RTAUDIO_SINT24: 24-bit signed integer.
81 - \e RTAUDIO_SINT32: 32-bit signed integer.
82 - \e RTAUDIO_FLOAT32: Normalized between plus/minus 1.0.
83 - \e RTAUDIO_FLOAT64: Normalized between plus/minus 1.0.
85 typedef unsigned long RtAudioFormat;
86 static const RtAudioFormat RTAUDIO_SINT8 = 0x1; // 8-bit signed integer.
87 static const RtAudioFormat RTAUDIO_SINT16 = 0x2; // 16-bit signed integer.
88 static const RtAudioFormat RTAUDIO_SINT24 = 0x4; // 24-bit signed integer.
89 static const RtAudioFormat RTAUDIO_SINT32 = 0x8; // 32-bit signed integer.
90 static const RtAudioFormat RTAUDIO_FLOAT32 = 0x10; // Normalized between plus/minus 1.0.
91 static const RtAudioFormat RTAUDIO_FLOAT64 = 0x20; // Normalized between plus/minus 1.0.
93 /*! \typedef typedef unsigned long RtAudioStreamFlags;
94 \brief RtAudio stream option flags.
96 The following flags can be OR'ed together to allow a client to
97 make changes to the default stream behavior:
99 - \e RTAUDIO_NONINTERLEAVED: Use non-interleaved buffers (default = interleaved).
100 - \e RTAUDIO_MINIMIZE_LATENCY: Attempt to set stream parameters for lowest possible latency.
101 - \e RTAUDIO_HOG_DEVICE: Attempt grab device for exclusive use.
102 - \e RTAUDIO_ALSA_USE_DEFAULT: Use the "default" PCM device (ALSA only).
103 - \e RTAUDIO_JACK_DONT_CONNECT: Do not automatically connect ports (JACK only).
105 By default, RtAudio streams pass and receive audio data from the
106 client in an interleaved format. By passing the
107 RTAUDIO_NONINTERLEAVED flag to the openStream() function, audio
108 data will instead be presented in non-interleaved buffers. In
109 this case, each buffer argument in the RtAudioCallback function
110 will point to a single array of data, with \c nFrames samples for
111 each channel concatenated back-to-back. For example, the first
112 sample of data for the second channel would be located at index \c
113 nFrames (assuming the \c buffer pointer was recast to the correct
114 data type for the stream).
116 Certain audio APIs offer a number of parameters that influence the
117 I/O latency of a stream. By default, RtAudio will attempt to set
118 these parameters internally for robust (glitch-free) performance
119 (though some APIs, like Windows DirectSound, make this difficult).
120 By passing the RTAUDIO_MINIMIZE_LATENCY flag to the openStream()
121 function, internal stream settings will be influenced in an attempt
122 to minimize stream latency, though possibly at the expense of stream
125 If the RTAUDIO_HOG_DEVICE flag is set, RtAudio will attempt to
126 open the input and/or output stream device(s) for exclusive use.
127 Note that this is not possible with all supported audio APIs.
129 If the RTAUDIO_SCHEDULE_REALTIME flag is set, RtAudio will attempt
130 to select realtime scheduling (round-robin) for the callback thread.
132 If the RTAUDIO_ALSA_USE_DEFAULT flag is set, RtAudio will attempt to
133 open the "default" PCM device when using the ALSA API. Note that this
134 will override any specified input or output device id.
136 If the RTAUDIO_JACK_DONT_CONNECT flag is set, RtAudio will not attempt
137 to automatically connect the ports of the client to the audio device.
139 typedef unsigned int RtAudioStreamFlags;
140 static const RtAudioStreamFlags RTAUDIO_NONINTERLEAVED = 0x1; // Use non-interleaved buffers (default = interleaved).
141 static const RtAudioStreamFlags RTAUDIO_MINIMIZE_LATENCY = 0x2; // Attempt to set stream parameters for lowest possible latency.
142 static const RtAudioStreamFlags RTAUDIO_HOG_DEVICE = 0x4; // Attempt grab device and prevent use by others.
143 static const RtAudioStreamFlags RTAUDIO_SCHEDULE_REALTIME = 0x8; // Try to select realtime scheduling for callback thread.
144 static const RtAudioStreamFlags RTAUDIO_ALSA_USE_DEFAULT = 0x10; // Use the "default" PCM device (ALSA only).
145 static const RtAudioStreamFlags RTAUDIO_JACK_DONT_CONNECT = 0x20; // Do not automatically connect ports (JACK only).
147 /*! \typedef typedef unsigned long RtAudioStreamStatus;
148 \brief RtAudio stream status (over- or underflow) flags.
150 Notification of a stream over- or underflow is indicated by a
151 non-zero stream \c status argument in the RtAudioCallback function.
152 The stream status can be one of the following two options,
153 depending on whether the stream is open for output and/or input:
155 - \e RTAUDIO_INPUT_OVERFLOW: Input data was discarded because of an overflow condition at the driver.
156 - \e RTAUDIO_OUTPUT_UNDERFLOW: The output buffer ran low, likely producing a break in the output sound.
158 typedef unsigned int RtAudioStreamStatus;
159 static const RtAudioStreamStatus RTAUDIO_INPUT_OVERFLOW = 0x1; // Input data was discarded because of an overflow condition at the driver.
160 static const RtAudioStreamStatus RTAUDIO_OUTPUT_UNDERFLOW = 0x2; // The output buffer ran low, likely causing a gap in the output sound.
162 //! RtAudio callback function prototype.
164 All RtAudio clients must create a function of type RtAudioCallback
165 to read and/or write data from/to the audio stream. When the
166 underlying audio system is ready for new input or output data, this
167 function will be invoked.
169 \param outputBuffer For output (or duplex) streams, the client
170 should write \c nFrames of audio sample frames into this
171 buffer. This argument should be recast to the datatype
172 specified when the stream was opened. For input-only
173 streams, this argument will be NULL.
175 \param inputBuffer For input (or duplex) streams, this buffer will
176 hold \c nFrames of input audio sample frames. This
177 argument should be recast to the datatype specified when the
178 stream was opened. For output-only streams, this argument
181 \param nFrames The number of sample frames of input or output
182 data in the buffers. The actual buffer size in bytes is
183 dependent on the data type and number of channels in use.
185 \param streamTime The number of seconds that have elapsed since the
188 \param status If non-zero, this argument indicates a data overflow
189 or underflow condition for the stream. The particular
190 condition can be determined by comparison with the
191 RtAudioStreamStatus flags.
193 \param userData A pointer to optional data provided by the client
194 when opening the stream (default = NULL).
196 To continue normal stream operation, the RtAudioCallback function
197 should return a value of zero. To stop the stream and drain the
198 output buffer, the function should return a value of one. To abort
199 the stream immediately, the client should return a value of two.
201 typedef int (*RtAudioCallback)( void *outputBuffer, void *inputBuffer,
202 unsigned int nFrames,
204 RtAudioStreamStatus status,
207 /************************************************************************/
208 /*! \class RtAudioError
209 \brief Exception handling class for RtAudio.
211 The RtAudioError class is quite simple but it does allow errors to be
212 "caught" by RtAudioError::Type. See the RtAudio documentation to know
213 which methods can throw an RtAudioError.
215 /************************************************************************/
217 class RTAUDIO_DLL_PUBLIC RtAudioError : public std::runtime_error
220 //! Defined RtAudioError types.
222 WARNING, /*!< A non-critical error. */
223 DEBUG_WARNING, /*!< A non-critical error which might be useful for debugging. */
224 UNSPECIFIED, /*!< The default, unspecified error type. */
225 NO_DEVICES_FOUND, /*!< No devices found on system. */
226 INVALID_DEVICE, /*!< An invalid device ID was specified. */
227 MEMORY_ERROR, /*!< An error occured during memory allocation. */
228 INVALID_PARAMETER, /*!< An invalid parameter was specified to a function. */
229 INVALID_USE, /*!< The function was called incorrectly. */
230 DRIVER_ERROR, /*!< A system driver error occured. */
231 SYSTEM_ERROR, /*!< A system error occured. */
232 THREAD_ERROR /*!< A thread error occured. */
236 RtAudioError( const std::string& message,
237 Type type = RtAudioError::UNSPECIFIED )
238 : std::runtime_error(message), type_(type) {}
240 //! Prints thrown error message to stderr.
241 virtual void printMessage( void ) const
242 { std::cerr << '\n' << what() << "\n\n"; }
244 //! Returns the thrown error message type.
245 virtual const Type& getType(void) const { return type_; }
247 //! Returns the thrown error message string.
248 virtual const std::string getMessage(void) const
249 { return std::string(what()); }
255 //! RtAudio error callback function prototype.
257 \param type Type of error.
258 \param errorText Error description.
260 typedef void (*RtAudioErrorCallback)( RtAudioError::Type type, const std::string &errorText );
262 // **************************************************************** //
264 // RtAudio class declaration.
266 // RtAudio is a "controller" used to select an available audio i/o
267 // interface. It presents a common API for the user to call but all
268 // functionality is implemented by the class RtApi and its
269 // subclasses. RtAudio creates an instance of an RtApi subclass
270 // based on the user's API choice. If no choice is made, RtAudio
271 // attempts to make a "logical" API selection.
273 // **************************************************************** //
277 class RTAUDIO_DLL_PUBLIC RtAudio
281 //! Audio API specifier arguments.
283 UNSPECIFIED, /*!< Search for a working compiled API. */
284 LINUX_ALSA, /*!< The Advanced Linux Sound Architecture API. */
285 LINUX_PULSE, /*!< The Linux PulseAudio API. */
286 LINUX_OSS, /*!< The Linux Open Sound System API. */
287 UNIX_JACK, /*!< The Jack Low-Latency Audio Server API. */
288 MACOSX_CORE, /*!< Macintosh OS-X Core Audio API. */
289 WINDOWS_WASAPI, /*!< The Microsoft WASAPI API. */
290 WINDOWS_ASIO, /*!< The Steinberg Audio Stream I/O API. */
291 WINDOWS_DS, /*!< The Microsoft DirectSound API. */
292 RTAUDIO_DUMMY, /*!< A compilable but non-functional API. */
293 NUM_APIS /*!< Number of values in this enum. */
296 //! The public device information structure for returning queried values.
298 bool probed; /*!< true if the device capabilities were successfully probed. */
299 std::string name; /*!< Character string device identifier. */
300 unsigned int outputChannels; /*!< Maximum output channels supported by device. */
301 unsigned int inputChannels; /*!< Maximum input channels supported by device. */
302 unsigned int duplexChannels; /*!< Maximum simultaneous input/output channels supported by device. */
303 bool isDefaultOutput; /*!< true if this is the default output device. */
304 bool isDefaultInput; /*!< true if this is the default input device. */
305 std::vector<unsigned int> sampleRates; /*!< Supported sample rates (queried from list of standard rates). */
306 unsigned int preferredSampleRate; /*!< Preferred sample rate, e.g. for WASAPI the system sample rate. */
307 RtAudioFormat nativeFormats; /*!< Bit mask of supported data formats. */
309 // Default constructor.
311 :probed(false), outputChannels(0), inputChannels(0), duplexChannels(0),
312 isDefaultOutput(false), isDefaultInput(false), preferredSampleRate(0), nativeFormats(0) {}
315 //! The structure for specifying input or ouput stream parameters.
316 struct StreamParameters {
317 unsigned int deviceId; /*!< Device index (0 to getDeviceCount() - 1). */
318 unsigned int nChannels; /*!< Number of channels. */
319 unsigned int firstChannel; /*!< First channel index on device (default = 0). */
321 // Default constructor.
323 : deviceId(0), nChannels(0), firstChannel(0) {}
326 //! The structure for specifying stream options.
328 The following flags can be OR'ed together to allow a client to
329 make changes to the default stream behavior:
331 - \e RTAUDIO_NONINTERLEAVED: Use non-interleaved buffers (default = interleaved).
332 - \e RTAUDIO_MINIMIZE_LATENCY: Attempt to set stream parameters for lowest possible latency.
333 - \e RTAUDIO_HOG_DEVICE: Attempt grab device for exclusive use.
334 - \e RTAUDIO_SCHEDULE_REALTIME: Attempt to select realtime scheduling for callback thread.
335 - \e RTAUDIO_ALSA_USE_DEFAULT: Use the "default" PCM device (ALSA only).
337 By default, RtAudio streams pass and receive audio data from the
338 client in an interleaved format. By passing the
339 RTAUDIO_NONINTERLEAVED flag to the openStream() function, audio
340 data will instead be presented in non-interleaved buffers. In
341 this case, each buffer argument in the RtAudioCallback function
342 will point to a single array of data, with \c nFrames samples for
343 each channel concatenated back-to-back. For example, the first
344 sample of data for the second channel would be located at index \c
345 nFrames (assuming the \c buffer pointer was recast to the correct
346 data type for the stream).
348 Certain audio APIs offer a number of parameters that influence the
349 I/O latency of a stream. By default, RtAudio will attempt to set
350 these parameters internally for robust (glitch-free) performance
351 (though some APIs, like Windows DirectSound, make this difficult).
352 By passing the RTAUDIO_MINIMIZE_LATENCY flag to the openStream()
353 function, internal stream settings will be influenced in an attempt
354 to minimize stream latency, though possibly at the expense of stream
357 If the RTAUDIO_HOG_DEVICE flag is set, RtAudio will attempt to
358 open the input and/or output stream device(s) for exclusive use.
359 Note that this is not possible with all supported audio APIs.
361 If the RTAUDIO_SCHEDULE_REALTIME flag is set, RtAudio will attempt
362 to select realtime scheduling (round-robin) for the callback thread.
363 The \c priority parameter will only be used if the RTAUDIO_SCHEDULE_REALTIME
364 flag is set. It defines the thread's realtime priority.
366 If the RTAUDIO_ALSA_USE_DEFAULT flag is set, RtAudio will attempt to
367 open the "default" PCM device when using the ALSA API. Note that this
368 will override any specified input or output device id.
370 The \c numberOfBuffers parameter can be used to control stream
371 latency in the Windows DirectSound, Linux OSS, and Linux Alsa APIs
372 only. A value of two is usually the smallest allowed. Larger
373 numbers can potentially result in more robust stream performance,
374 though likely at the cost of stream latency. The value set by the
375 user is replaced during execution of the RtAudio::openStream()
376 function by the value actually used by the system.
378 The \c streamName parameter can be used to set the client name
379 when using the Jack API. By default, the client name is set to
380 RtApiJack. However, if you wish to create multiple instances of
381 RtAudio with Jack, each instance must have a unique client name.
383 struct StreamOptions {
384 RtAudioStreamFlags flags; /*!< A bit-mask of stream flags (RTAUDIO_NONINTERLEAVED, RTAUDIO_MINIMIZE_LATENCY, RTAUDIO_HOG_DEVICE, RTAUDIO_ALSA_USE_DEFAULT). */
385 unsigned int numberOfBuffers; /*!< Number of stream buffers. */
386 std::string streamName; /*!< A stream name (currently used only in Jack). */
387 int priority; /*!< Scheduling priority of callback thread (only used with flag RTAUDIO_SCHEDULE_REALTIME). */
389 // Default constructor.
391 : flags(0), numberOfBuffers(0), priority(0) {}
394 //! A static function to determine the current RtAudio version.
395 static std::string getVersion( void );
397 //! A static function to determine the available compiled audio APIs.
399 The values returned in the std::vector can be compared against
400 the enumerated list values. Note that there can be more than one
401 API compiled for certain operating systems.
403 static void getCompiledApi( std::vector<RtAudio::Api> &apis );
405 //! Return the name of a specified compiled audio API.
407 This obtains a short lower-case name used for identification purposes.
408 This value is guaranteed to remain identical across library versions.
409 If the API is unknown, this function will return the empty string.
411 static std::string getApiName( RtAudio::Api api );
413 //! Return the display name of a specified compiled audio API.
415 This obtains a long name used for display purposes.
416 If the API is unknown, this function will return the empty string.
418 static std::string getApiDisplayName( RtAudio::Api api );
420 //! Return the compiled audio API having the given name.
422 A case insensitive comparison will check the specified name
423 against the list of compiled APIs, and return the one which
424 matches. On failure, the function returns UNSPECIFIED.
426 static RtAudio::Api getCompiledApiByName( const std::string &name );
428 //! The class constructor.
430 The constructor performs minor initialization tasks. An exception
431 can be thrown if no API support is compiled.
433 If no API argument is specified and multiple API support has been
434 compiled, the default order of use is JACK, ALSA, OSS (Linux
435 systems) and ASIO, DS (Windows systems).
437 RtAudio( RtAudio::Api api=UNSPECIFIED );
441 If a stream is running or open, it will be stopped and closed
446 //! Returns the audio API specifier for the current instance of RtAudio.
447 RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi( void );
449 //! A public function that queries for the number of audio devices available.
451 This function performs a system query of available devices each time it
452 is called, thus supporting devices connected \e after instantiation. If
453 a system error occurs during processing, a warning will be issued.
455 unsigned int getDeviceCount( void );
457 //! Return an RtAudio::DeviceInfo structure for a specified device number.
460 Any device integer between 0 and getDeviceCount() - 1 is valid.
461 If an invalid argument is provided, an RtAudioError (type = INVALID_USE)
462 will be thrown. If a device is busy or otherwise unavailable, the
463 structure member "probed" will have a value of "false" and all
464 other members are undefined. If the specified device is the
465 current default input or output device, the corresponding
466 "isDefault" member will have a value of "true".
468 RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device );
470 //! A function that returns the index of the default output device.
472 If the underlying audio API does not provide a "default
473 device", or if no devices are available, the return value will be
474 0. Note that this is a valid device identifier and it is the
475 client's responsibility to verify that a device is available
476 before attempting to open a stream.
478 unsigned int getDefaultOutputDevice( void );
480 //! A function that returns the index of the default input device.
482 If the underlying audio API does not provide a "default
483 device", or if no devices are available, the return value will be
484 0. Note that this is a valid device identifier and it is the
485 client's responsibility to verify that a device is available
486 before attempting to open a stream.
488 unsigned int getDefaultInputDevice( void );
490 //! A public function for opening a stream with the specified parameters.
492 An RtAudioError (type = SYSTEM_ERROR) is thrown if a stream cannot be
493 opened with the specified parameters or an error occurs during
494 processing. An RtAudioError (type = INVALID_USE) is thrown if any
495 invalid device ID or channel number parameters are specified.
497 \param outputParameters Specifies output stream parameters to use
498 when opening a stream, including a device ID, number of channels,
499 and starting channel number. For input-only streams, this
500 argument should be NULL. The device ID is an index value between
501 0 and getDeviceCount() - 1.
502 \param inputParameters Specifies input stream parameters to use
503 when opening a stream, including a device ID, number of channels,
504 and starting channel number. For output-only streams, this
505 argument should be NULL. The device ID is an index value between
506 0 and getDeviceCount() - 1.
507 \param format An RtAudioFormat specifying the desired sample data format.
508 \param sampleRate The desired sample rate (sample frames per second).
509 \param *bufferFrames A pointer to a value indicating the desired
510 internal buffer size in sample frames. The actual value
511 used by the device is returned via the same pointer. A
512 value of zero can be specified, in which case the lowest
513 allowable value is determined.
514 \param callback A client-defined function that will be invoked
515 when input data is available and/or output data is needed.
516 \param userData An optional pointer to data that can be accessed
517 from within the callback function.
518 \param options An optional pointer to a structure containing various
519 global stream options, including a list of OR'ed RtAudioStreamFlags
520 and a suggested number of stream buffers that can be used to
521 control stream latency. More buffers typically result in more
522 robust performance, though at a cost of greater latency. If a
523 value of zero is specified, a system-specific median value is
524 chosen. If the RTAUDIO_MINIMIZE_LATENCY flag bit is set, the
525 lowest allowable value is used. The actual value used is
526 returned via the structure argument. The parameter is API dependent.
527 \param errorCallback A client-defined function that will be invoked
528 when an error has occured.
530 void openStream( RtAudio::StreamParameters *outputParameters,
531 RtAudio::StreamParameters *inputParameters,
532 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int sampleRate,
533 unsigned int *bufferFrames, RtAudioCallback callback,
534 void *userData = NULL, RtAudio::StreamOptions *options = NULL, RtAudioErrorCallback errorCallback = NULL );
536 //! A function that closes a stream and frees any associated stream memory.
538 If a stream is not open, this function issues a warning and
539 returns (no exception is thrown).
541 void closeStream( void );
543 //! A function that starts a stream.
545 An RtAudioError (type = SYSTEM_ERROR) is thrown if an error occurs
546 during processing. An RtAudioError (type = INVALID_USE) is thrown if a
547 stream is not open. A warning is issued if the stream is already
550 void startStream( void );
552 //! Stop a stream, allowing any samples remaining in the output queue to be played.
554 An RtAudioError (type = SYSTEM_ERROR) is thrown if an error occurs
555 during processing. An RtAudioError (type = INVALID_USE) is thrown if a
556 stream is not open. A warning is issued if the stream is already
559 void stopStream( void );
561 //! Stop a stream, discarding any samples remaining in the input/output queue.
563 An RtAudioError (type = SYSTEM_ERROR) is thrown if an error occurs
564 during processing. An RtAudioError (type = INVALID_USE) is thrown if a
565 stream is not open. A warning is issued if the stream is already
568 void abortStream( void );
570 //! Returns true if a stream is open and false if not.
571 bool isStreamOpen( void ) const;
573 //! Returns true if the stream is running and false if it is stopped or not open.
574 bool isStreamRunning( void ) const;
576 //! Returns the number of elapsed seconds since the stream was started.
578 If a stream is not open, an RtAudioError (type = INVALID_USE) will be thrown.
580 double getStreamTime( void );
582 //! Set the stream time to a time in seconds greater than or equal to 0.0.
584 If a stream is not open, an RtAudioError (type = INVALID_USE) will be thrown.
586 void setStreamTime( double time );
588 //! Returns the internal stream latency in sample frames.
590 The stream latency refers to delay in audio input and/or output
591 caused by internal buffering by the audio system and/or hardware.
592 For duplex streams, the returned value will represent the sum of
593 the input and output latencies. If a stream is not open, an
594 RtAudioError (type = INVALID_USE) will be thrown. If the API does not
595 report latency, the return value will be zero.
597 long getStreamLatency( void );
599 //! Returns actual sample rate in use by the stream.
601 On some systems, the sample rate used may be slightly different
602 than that specified in the stream parameters. If a stream is not
603 open, an RtAudioError (type = INVALID_USE) will be thrown.
605 unsigned int getStreamSampleRate( void );
607 //! Specify whether warning messages should be printed to stderr.
608 void showWarnings( bool value = true );
612 void openRtApi( RtAudio::Api api );
616 // Operating system dependent thread functionality.
617 #if defined(__WINDOWS_DS__) || defined(__WINDOWS_ASIO__) || defined(__WINDOWS_WASAPI__)
626 typedef uintptr_t ThreadHandle;
627 typedef CRITICAL_SECTION StreamMutex;
629 #elif defined(__LINUX_ALSA__) || defined(__LINUX_PULSE__) || defined(__UNIX_JACK__) || defined(__LINUX_OSS__) || defined(__MACOSX_CORE__)
630 // Using pthread library for various flavors of unix.
633 typedef pthread_t ThreadHandle;
634 typedef pthread_mutex_t StreamMutex;
636 #else // Setup for "dummy" behavior
638 #define __RTAUDIO_DUMMY__
639 typedef int ThreadHandle;
640 typedef int StreamMutex;
644 // This global structure type is used to pass callback information
645 // between the private RtAudio stream structure and global callback
646 // handling functions.
647 struct CallbackInfo {
648 void *object; // Used as a "this" pointer.
653 void *apiInfo; // void pointer for API specific callback information
658 // Default constructor.
660 :object(0), callback(0), userData(0), errorCallback(0), apiInfo(0), isRunning(false), doRealtime(false), priority(0) {}
663 // **************************************************************** //
665 // RtApi class declaration.
667 // Subclasses of RtApi contain all API- and OS-specific code necessary
668 // to fully implement the RtAudio API.
670 // Note that RtApi is an abstract base class and cannot be
671 // explicitly instantiated. The class RtAudio will create an
672 // instance of an RtApi subclass (RtApiOss, RtApiAlsa,
673 // RtApiJack, RtApiCore, RtApiDs, or RtApiAsio).
675 // **************************************************************** //
677 #pragma pack(push, 1)
686 S24& operator = ( const int& i ) {
687 c3[0] = (i & 0x000000ff);
688 c3[1] = (i & 0x0000ff00) >> 8;
689 c3[2] = (i & 0x00ff0000) >> 16;
693 S24( const double& d ) { *this = (int) d; }
694 S24( const float& f ) { *this = (int) f; }
695 S24( const signed short& s ) { *this = (int) s; }
696 S24( const char& c ) { *this = (int) c; }
699 int i = c3[0] | (c3[1] << 8) | (c3[2] << 16);
700 if (i & 0x800000) i |= ~0xffffff;
706 #if defined( HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY )
707 #include <sys/time.h>
712 class RTAUDIO_DLL_PUBLIC RtApi
718 virtual RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi( void ) = 0;
719 virtual unsigned int getDeviceCount( void ) = 0;
720 virtual RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device ) = 0;
721 virtual unsigned int getDefaultInputDevice( void );
722 virtual unsigned int getDefaultOutputDevice( void );
723 void openStream( RtAudio::StreamParameters *outputParameters,
724 RtAudio::StreamParameters *inputParameters,
725 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int sampleRate,
726 unsigned int *bufferFrames, RtAudioCallback callback,
727 void *userData, RtAudio::StreamOptions *options,
728 RtAudioErrorCallback errorCallback );
729 virtual void closeStream( void );
730 virtual void startStream( void ) = 0;
731 virtual void stopStream( void ) = 0;
732 virtual void abortStream( void ) = 0;
733 long getStreamLatency( void );
734 unsigned int getStreamSampleRate( void );
735 virtual double getStreamTime( void );
736 virtual void setStreamTime( double time );
737 bool isStreamOpen( void ) const { return stream_.state != STREAM_CLOSED; }
738 bool isStreamRunning( void ) const { return stream_.state == STREAM_RUNNING; }
739 void showWarnings( bool value ) { showWarnings_ = value; }
744 static const unsigned int MAX_SAMPLE_RATES;
745 static const unsigned int SAMPLE_RATES[];
747 enum { FAILURE, SUCCESS };
763 // A protected structure used for buffer conversion.
767 RtAudioFormat inFormat, outFormat;
768 std::vector<int> inOffset;
769 std::vector<int> outOffset;
772 // A protected structure for audio streams.
774 unsigned int device[2]; // Playback and record, respectively.
775 void *apiHandle; // void pointer for API specific stream handle information
776 StreamMode mode; // OUTPUT, INPUT, or DUPLEX.
777 StreamState state; // STOPPED, RUNNING, or CLOSED
778 char *userBuffer[2]; // Playback and record, respectively.
780 bool doConvertBuffer[2]; // Playback and record, respectively.
781 bool userInterleaved;
782 bool deviceInterleaved[2]; // Playback and record, respectively.
783 bool doByteSwap[2]; // Playback and record, respectively.
784 unsigned int sampleRate;
785 unsigned int bufferSize;
786 unsigned int nBuffers;
787 unsigned int nUserChannels[2]; // Playback and record, respectively.
788 unsigned int nDeviceChannels[2]; // Playback and record channels, respectively.
789 unsigned int channelOffset[2]; // Playback and record, respectively.
790 unsigned long latency[2]; // Playback and record, respectively.
791 RtAudioFormat userFormat;
792 RtAudioFormat deviceFormat[2]; // Playback and record, respectively.
794 CallbackInfo callbackInfo;
795 ConvertInfo convertInfo[2];
796 double streamTime; // Number of elapsed seconds since the stream started.
798 #if defined(HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY)
799 // The gettimeofday() when tickStreamTime was last called, or both
800 // fields at 0 if tickStreamTime has not been called since the last
802 struct timeval lastTickTimestamp;
806 :apiHandle(0), deviceBuffer(0) { device[0] = 11111; device[1] = 11111; }
810 typedef signed short Int16;
811 typedef signed int Int32;
812 typedef float Float32;
813 typedef double Float64;
815 std::ostringstream errorStream_;
816 std::string errorText_;
819 bool firstErrorOccurred_;
822 Protected, api-specific method that attempts to open a device
823 with the given parameters. This function MUST be implemented by
824 all subclasses. If an error is encountered during the probe, a
825 "warning" message is reported and FAILURE is returned. A
826 successful probe is indicated by a return value of SUCCESS.
828 virtual bool probeDeviceOpen( unsigned int device, StreamMode mode, unsigned int channels,
829 unsigned int firstChannel, unsigned int sampleRate,
830 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int *bufferSize,
831 RtAudio::StreamOptions *options );
833 //! A protected function used to increment the stream time.
834 void tickStreamTime( void );
836 //! Protected common method to clear an RtApiStream structure.
837 void clearStreamInfo();
840 Protected common method that throws an RtAudioError (type =
841 INVALID_USE) if a stream is not open.
843 void verifyStream( void );
845 //! Protected common error method to allow global control over error handling.
846 void error( RtAudioError::Type type );
849 Protected method used to perform format, channel number, and/or interleaving
850 conversions between the user and device buffers.
852 void convertBuffer( char *outBuffer, char *inBuffer, ConvertInfo &info );
854 //! Protected common method used to perform byte-swapping on buffers.
855 void byteSwapBuffer( char *buffer, unsigned int samples, RtAudioFormat format );
857 //! Protected common method that returns the number of bytes for a given format.
858 unsigned int formatBytes( RtAudioFormat format );
860 //! Protected common method that sets up the parameters for buffer conversion.
861 void setConvertInfo( StreamMode mode, unsigned int firstChannel );
864 // **************************************************************** //
866 // Inline RtAudio definitions.
868 // **************************************************************** //
870 inline RtAudio::Api RtAudio :: getCurrentApi( void ) { return rtapi_->getCurrentApi(); }
871 inline unsigned int RtAudio :: getDeviceCount( void ) { return rtapi_->getDeviceCount(); }
872 inline RtAudio::DeviceInfo RtAudio :: getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device ) { return rtapi_->getDeviceInfo( device ); }
873 inline unsigned int RtAudio :: getDefaultInputDevice( void ) { return rtapi_->getDefaultInputDevice(); }
874 inline unsigned int RtAudio :: getDefaultOutputDevice( void ) { return rtapi_->getDefaultOutputDevice(); }
875 inline void RtAudio :: closeStream( void ) { return rtapi_->closeStream(); }
876 inline void RtAudio :: startStream( void ) { return rtapi_->startStream(); }
877 inline void RtAudio :: stopStream( void ) { return rtapi_->stopStream(); }
878 inline void RtAudio :: abortStream( void ) { return rtapi_->abortStream(); }
879 inline bool RtAudio :: isStreamOpen( void ) const { return rtapi_->isStreamOpen(); }
880 inline bool RtAudio :: isStreamRunning( void ) const { return rtapi_->isStreamRunning(); }
881 inline long RtAudio :: getStreamLatency( void ) { return rtapi_->getStreamLatency(); }
882 inline unsigned int RtAudio :: getStreamSampleRate( void ) { return rtapi_->getStreamSampleRate(); }
883 inline double RtAudio :: getStreamTime( void ) { return rtapi_->getStreamTime(); }
884 inline void RtAudio :: setStreamTime( double time ) { return rtapi_->setStreamTime( time ); }
885 inline void RtAudio :: showWarnings( bool value ) { rtapi_->showWarnings( value ); }
887 // RtApi Subclass prototypes.
889 #if defined(__MACOSX_CORE__)
891 #include <CoreAudio/AudioHardware.h>
893 class RtApiCore: public RtApi
899 RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi( void ) { return RtAudio::MACOSX_CORE; }
900 unsigned int getDeviceCount( void );
901 RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device );
902 unsigned int getDefaultOutputDevice( void );
903 unsigned int getDefaultInputDevice( void );
904 void closeStream( void );
905 void startStream( void );
906 void stopStream( void );
907 void abortStream( void );
909 // This function is intended for internal use only. It must be
910 // public because it is called by the internal callback handler,
911 // which is not a member of RtAudio. External use of this function
912 // will most likely produce highly undesireable results!
913 bool callbackEvent( AudioDeviceID deviceId,
914 const AudioBufferList *inBufferList,
915 const AudioBufferList *outBufferList );
919 bool probeDeviceOpen( unsigned int device, StreamMode mode, unsigned int channels,
920 unsigned int firstChannel, unsigned int sampleRate,
921 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int *bufferSize,
922 RtAudio::StreamOptions *options );
923 static const char* getErrorCode( OSStatus code );
928 #if defined(__UNIX_JACK__)
930 class RtApiJack: public RtApi
936 RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi( void ) { return RtAudio::UNIX_JACK; }
937 unsigned int getDeviceCount( void );
938 RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device );
939 void closeStream( void );
940 void startStream( void );
941 void stopStream( void );
942 void abortStream( void );
944 // This function is intended for internal use only. It must be
945 // public because it is called by the internal callback handler,
946 // which is not a member of RtAudio. External use of this function
947 // will most likely produce highly undesireable results!
948 bool callbackEvent( unsigned long nframes );
952 bool probeDeviceOpen( unsigned int device, StreamMode mode, unsigned int channels,
953 unsigned int firstChannel, unsigned int sampleRate,
954 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int *bufferSize,
955 RtAudio::StreamOptions *options );
957 bool shouldAutoconnect_;
962 #if defined(__WINDOWS_ASIO__)
964 class RtApiAsio: public RtApi
970 RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi( void ) { return RtAudio::WINDOWS_ASIO; }
971 unsigned int getDeviceCount( void );
972 RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device );
973 void closeStream( void );
974 void startStream( void );
975 void stopStream( void );
976 void abortStream( void );
978 // This function is intended for internal use only. It must be
979 // public because it is called by the internal callback handler,
980 // which is not a member of RtAudio. External use of this function
981 // will most likely produce highly undesireable results!
982 bool callbackEvent( long bufferIndex );
986 std::vector<RtAudio::DeviceInfo> devices_;
987 void saveDeviceInfo( void );
989 bool probeDeviceOpen( unsigned int device, StreamMode mode, unsigned int channels,
990 unsigned int firstChannel, unsigned int sampleRate,
991 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int *bufferSize,
992 RtAudio::StreamOptions *options );
997 #if defined(__WINDOWS_DS__)
999 class RtApiDs: public RtApi
1005 RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi( void ) { return RtAudio::WINDOWS_DS; }
1006 unsigned int getDeviceCount( void );
1007 unsigned int getDefaultOutputDevice( void );
1008 unsigned int getDefaultInputDevice( void );
1009 RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device );
1010 void closeStream( void );
1011 void startStream( void );
1012 void stopStream( void );
1013 void abortStream( void );
1015 // This function is intended for internal use only. It must be
1016 // public because it is called by the internal callback handler,
1017 // which is not a member of RtAudio. External use of this function
1018 // will most likely produce highly undesireable results!
1019 void callbackEvent( void );
1023 bool coInitialized_;
1024 bool buffersRolling;
1025 long duplexPrerollBytes;
1026 std::vector<struct DsDevice> dsDevices;
1027 bool probeDeviceOpen( unsigned int device, StreamMode mode, unsigned int channels,
1028 unsigned int firstChannel, unsigned int sampleRate,
1029 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int *bufferSize,
1030 RtAudio::StreamOptions *options );
1035 #if defined(__WINDOWS_WASAPI__)
1037 struct IMMDeviceEnumerator;
1039 class RtApiWasapi : public RtApi
1043 virtual ~RtApiWasapi();
1045 RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi( void ) { return RtAudio::WINDOWS_WASAPI; }
1046 unsigned int getDeviceCount( void );
1047 RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device );
1048 unsigned int getDefaultOutputDevice( void );
1049 unsigned int getDefaultInputDevice( void );
1050 void closeStream( void );
1051 void startStream( void );
1052 void stopStream( void );
1053 void abortStream( void );
1056 bool coInitialized_;
1057 IMMDeviceEnumerator* deviceEnumerator_;
1059 bool probeDeviceOpen( unsigned int device, StreamMode mode, unsigned int channels,
1060 unsigned int firstChannel, unsigned int sampleRate,
1061 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int* bufferSize,
1062 RtAudio::StreamOptions* options );
1064 static DWORD WINAPI runWasapiThread( void* wasapiPtr );
1065 static DWORD WINAPI stopWasapiThread( void* wasapiPtr );
1066 static DWORD WINAPI abortWasapiThread( void* wasapiPtr );
1067 void wasapiThread();
1072 #if defined(__LINUX_ALSA__)
1074 class RtApiAlsa: public RtApi
1080 RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi() { return RtAudio::LINUX_ALSA; }
1081 unsigned int getDeviceCount( void );
1082 RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device );
1083 void closeStream( void );
1084 void startStream( void );
1085 void stopStream( void );
1086 void abortStream( void );
1088 // This function is intended for internal use only. It must be
1089 // public because it is called by the internal callback handler,
1090 // which is not a member of RtAudio. External use of this function
1091 // will most likely produce highly undesireable results!
1092 void callbackEvent( void );
1096 std::vector<RtAudio::DeviceInfo> devices_;
1097 void saveDeviceInfo( void );
1098 bool probeDeviceOpen( unsigned int device, StreamMode mode, unsigned int channels,
1099 unsigned int firstChannel, unsigned int sampleRate,
1100 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int *bufferSize,
1101 RtAudio::StreamOptions *options );
1103 static void sinkInfoCallback(pa_context* c, const pa_sink_info* info, int eol, void* arg);
1104 static void contextStateCallback(pa_context* c, void* arg);
1105 pa_threaded_mainloop* mainloop_;
1111 #if defined(__LINUX_PULSE__)
1114 struct pa_sink_info;
1115 struct pa_threaded_mainloop;
1117 class RtApiPulse: public RtApi
1120 RtApiPulse() : mainloop_(0), channels_(2) {}
1122 RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi() { return RtAudio::LINUX_PULSE; }
1123 unsigned int getDeviceCount( void );
1124 RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device );
1125 void closeStream( void );
1126 void startStream( void );
1127 void stopStream( void );
1128 void abortStream( void );
1130 // This function is intended for internal use only. It must be
1131 // public because it is called by the internal callback handler,
1132 // which is not a member of RtAudio. External use of this function
1133 // will most likely produce highly undesireable results!
1134 void callbackEvent( void );
1138 std::vector<RtAudio::DeviceInfo> devices_;
1139 void saveDeviceInfo( void );
1140 bool probeDeviceOpen( unsigned int device, StreamMode mode, unsigned int channels,
1141 unsigned int firstChannel, unsigned int sampleRate,
1142 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int *bufferSize,
1143 RtAudio::StreamOptions *options );
1148 #if defined(__LINUX_OSS__)
1150 class RtApiOss: public RtApi
1156 RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi() { return RtAudio::LINUX_OSS; }
1157 unsigned int getDeviceCount( void );
1158 RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device );
1159 void closeStream( void );
1160 void startStream( void );
1161 void stopStream( void );
1162 void abortStream( void );
1164 // This function is intended for internal use only. It must be
1165 // public because it is called by the internal callback handler,
1166 // which is not a member of RtAudio. External use of this function
1167 // will most likely produce highly undesireable results!
1168 void callbackEvent( void );
1172 bool probeDeviceOpen( unsigned int device, StreamMode mode, unsigned int channels,
1173 unsigned int firstChannel, unsigned int sampleRate,
1174 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int *bufferSize,
1175 RtAudio::StreamOptions *options );
1180 #if defined(__RTAUDIO_DUMMY__)
1182 class RtApiDummy: public RtApi
1186 RtApiDummy() { errorText_ = "RtApiDummy: This class provides no functionality."; error( RtAudioError::WARNING ); }
1187 RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi( void ) { return RtAudio::RTAUDIO_DUMMY; }
1188 unsigned int getDeviceCount( void ) { return 0; }
1189 RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int /*device*/ ) { RtAudio::DeviceInfo info; return info; }
1190 void closeStream( void ) {}
1191 void startStream( void ) {}
1192 void stopStream( void ) {}
1193 void abortStream( void ) {}
1197 bool probeDeviceOpen( unsigned int /*device*/, StreamMode /*mode*/, unsigned int /*channels*/,
1198 unsigned int /*firstChannel*/, unsigned int /*sampleRate*/,
1199 RtAudioFormat /*format*/, unsigned int * /*bufferSize*/,
1200 RtAudio::StreamOptions * /*options*/ ) { return false; }
1207 // Indentation settings for Vim and Emacs
1210 // c-basic-offset: 2
1211 // indent-tabs-mode: nil
1214 // vim: et sts=2 sw=2