Rename ReelMXF -> ReelFileAsset.
[libdcp.git] / src / verify.cc
index 9cfcd4b9c38657bad4fb6a0562cb3844db3aa902..e45c381e4f725e22f51c9969848eb682672b2e78 100644 (file)
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-    Copyright (C) 2018-2020 Carl Hetherington <cth@carlh.net>
+    Copyright (C) 2018-2021 Carl Hetherington <cth@carlh.net>
 
     This file is part of libdcp.
 
     files in the program, then also delete it here.
 */
 
+
+/** @file  src/verify.cc
+ *  @brief dcp::verify() method and associated code
+ */
+
+
 #include "verify.h"
 #include "dcp.h"
 #include "cpl.h"
@@ -47,6 +53,7 @@
 #include "exceptions.h"
 #include "compose.hpp"
 #include "raw_convert.h"
+#include "reel_markers_asset.h"
 #include "smpte_subtitle_asset.h"
 #include <xercesc/util/PlatformUtils.hpp>
 #include <xercesc/parsers/XercesDOMParser.hpp>
 #include <xercesc/dom/DOMErrorHandler.hpp>
 #include <xercesc/framework/LocalFileInputSource.hpp>
 #include <xercesc/framework/MemBufInputSource.hpp>
-#include <boost/noncopyable.hpp>
-#include <boost/foreach.hpp>
 #include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
 #include <map>
-#include <list>
 #include <vector>
 #include <iostream>
 
+
 using std::list;
 using std::vector;
 using std::string;
 using std::cout;
 using std::map;
 using std::max;
+using std::set;
 using std::shared_ptr;
+using std::make_shared;
 using boost::optional;
 using boost::function;
 using std::dynamic_pointer_cast;
 
+
 using namespace dcp;
 using namespace xercesc;
 
+
 static
 string
 xml_ch_to_string (XMLCh const * a)
@@ -98,6 +107,7 @@ xml_ch_to_string (XMLCh const * a)
        return o;
 }
 
+
 class XMLValidationError
 {
 public:
@@ -183,7 +193,8 @@ private:
        list<XMLValidationError> _errors;
 };
 
-class StringToXMLCh : public boost::noncopyable
+
+class StringToXMLCh
 {
 public:
        StringToXMLCh (string a)
@@ -191,6 +202,9 @@ public:
                _buffer = XMLString::transcode(a.c_str());
        }
 
+       StringToXMLCh (StringToXMLCh const&) = delete;
+       StringToXMLCh& operator= (StringToXMLCh const&) = delete;
+
        ~StringToXMLCh ()
        {
                XMLString::release (&_buffer);
@@ -204,6 +218,7 @@ private:
        XMLCh* _buffer;
 };
 
+
 class LocalFileResolver : public EntityResolver
 {
 public:
@@ -233,8 +248,8 @@ public:
                if (!system_id) {
                        return 0;
                }
-               string system_id_str = xml_ch_to_string (system_id);
-               boost::filesystem::path p = _xsd_dtd_directory;
+               auto system_id_str = xml_ch_to_string (system_id);
+               auto p = _xsd_dtd_directory;
                if (_files.find(system_id_str) == _files.end()) {
                        p /= system_id_str;
                } else {
@@ -263,7 +278,7 @@ parse (XercesDOMParser& parser, boost::filesystem::path xml)
 
 
 static void
-parse (XercesDOMParser& parser, std::string xml)
+parse (XercesDOMParser& parser, string xml)
 {
        xercesc::MemBufInputSource buf(reinterpret_cast<unsigned char const*>(xml.c_str()), xml.size(), "");
        parser.parse(buf);
@@ -272,7 +287,7 @@ parse (XercesDOMParser& parser, std::string xml)
 
 template <class T>
 void
-validate_xml (T xml, boost::filesystem::path xsd_dtd_directory, list<VerificationNote>& notes)
+validate_xml (T xml, boost::filesystem::path xsd_dtd_directory, vector<VerificationNote>& notes)
 {
        try {
                XMLPlatformUtils::Initialize ();
@@ -316,7 +331,7 @@ validate_xml (T xml, boost::filesystem::path xsd_dtd_directory, list<Verificatio
                 * they describe are not checked.
                 */
                string locations;
-               BOOST_FOREACH (string i, schema) {
+               for (auto i: schema) {
                        locations += String::compose("%1 %1 ", i, i);
                }
 
@@ -341,41 +356,39 @@ validate_xml (T xml, boost::filesystem::path xsd_dtd_directory, list<Verificatio
 
        XMLPlatformUtils::Terminate ();
 
-       BOOST_FOREACH (XMLValidationError i, error_handler.errors()) {
-               notes.push_back (
-                       VerificationNote(
-                               VerificationNote::VERIFY_ERROR,
-                               VerificationNote::XML_VALIDATION_ERROR,
-                               i.message(),
-                               boost::trim_copy(i.public_id() + " " + i.system_id()),
-                               i.line()
-                               )
-                       );
+       for (auto i: error_handler.errors()) {
+               notes.push_back ({
+                       VerificationNote::Type::ERROR,
+                       VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_XML,
+                       i.message(),
+                       boost::trim_copy(i.public_id() + " " + i.system_id()),
+                       i.line()
+               });
        }
 }
 
 
-enum VerifyAssetResult {
-       VERIFY_ASSET_RESULT_GOOD,
-       VERIFY_ASSET_RESULT_CPL_PKL_DIFFER,
-       VERIFY_ASSET_RESULT_BAD
+enum class VerifyAssetResult {
+       GOOD,
+       CPL_PKL_DIFFER,
+       BAD
 };
 
 
 static VerifyAssetResult
-verify_asset (shared_ptr<const DCP> dcp, shared_ptr<const ReelMXF> reel_mxf, function<void (float)> progress)
+verify_asset (shared_ptr<const DCP> dcp, shared_ptr<const ReelFileAsset> reel_file_asset, function<void (float)> progress)
 {
-       string const actual_hash = reel_mxf->asset_ref()->hash(progress);
+       auto const actual_hash = reel_file_asset->asset_ref()->hash(progress);
 
-       list<shared_ptr<PKL> > pkls = dcp->pkls();
+       auto pkls = dcp->pkls();
        /* We've read this DCP in so it must have at least one PKL */
        DCP_ASSERT (!pkls.empty());
 
-       shared_ptr<Asset> asset = reel_mxf->asset_ref().asset();
+       auto asset = reel_file_asset->asset_ref().asset();
 
        optional<string> pkl_hash;
-       BOOST_FOREACH (shared_ptr<PKL> i, pkls) {
-               pkl_hash = i->hash (reel_mxf->asset_ref()->id());
+       for (auto i: pkls) {
+               pkl_hash = i->hash (reel_file_asset->asset_ref()->id());
                if (pkl_hash) {
                        break;
                }
@@ -383,35 +396,35 @@ verify_asset (shared_ptr<const DCP> dcp, shared_ptr<const ReelMXF> reel_mxf, fun
 
        DCP_ASSERT (pkl_hash);
 
-       optional<string> cpl_hash = reel_mxf->hash();
+       auto cpl_hash = reel_file_asset->hash();
        if (cpl_hash && *cpl_hash != *pkl_hash) {
-               return VERIFY_ASSET_RESULT_CPL_PKL_DIFFER;
+               return VerifyAssetResult::CPL_PKL_DIFFER;
        }
 
        if (actual_hash != *pkl_hash) {
-               return VERIFY_ASSET_RESULT_BAD;
+               return VerifyAssetResult::BAD;
        }
 
-       return VERIFY_ASSET_RESULT_GOOD;
+       return VerifyAssetResult::GOOD;
 }
 
 
 void
-verify_language_tag (string tag, list<VerificationNote>& notes)
+verify_language_tag (string tag, vector<VerificationNote>& notes)
 {
        try {
-               dcp::LanguageTag test (tag);
-       } catch (dcp::LanguageTagError &) {
-               notes.push_back (VerificationNote(VerificationNote::VERIFY_BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::BAD_LANGUAGE, tag));
+               LanguageTag test (tag);
+       } catch (LanguageTagError &) {
+               notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_LANGUAGE, tag});
        }
 }
 
 
-enum VerifyPictureAssetResult
+enum class VerifyPictureAssetResult
 {
-       VERIFY_PICTURE_ASSET_RESULT_GOOD,
-       VERIFY_PICTURE_ASSET_RESULT_FRAME_NEARLY_TOO_LARGE,
-       VERIFY_PICTURE_ASSET_RESULT_BAD,
+       GOOD,
+       FRAME_NEARLY_TOO_LARGE,
+       BAD,
 };
 
 
@@ -430,16 +443,16 @@ biggest_frame_size (shared_ptr<const StereoPictureFrame> frame)
 
 template <class A, class R, class F>
 optional<VerifyPictureAssetResult>
-verify_picture_asset_type (shared_ptr<const ReelMXF> reel_mxf, function<void (float)> progress)
+verify_picture_asset_type (shared_ptr<const ReelFileAsset> reel_file_asset, function<void (float)> progress)
 {
-       shared_ptr<A> asset = dynamic_pointer_cast<A>(reel_mxf->asset_ref().asset());
+       auto asset = dynamic_pointer_cast<A>(reel_file_asset->asset_ref().asset());
        if (!asset) {
                return optional<VerifyPictureAssetResult>();
        }
 
        int biggest_frame = 0;
-       shared_ptr<R> reader = asset->start_read ();
-       int64_t const duration = asset->intrinsic_duration ();
+       auto reader = asset->start_read ();
+       auto const duration = asset->intrinsic_duration ();
        for (int64_t i = 0; i < duration; ++i) {
                shared_ptr<const F> frame = reader->get_frame (i);
                biggest_frame = max(biggest_frame, biggest_frame_size(frame));
@@ -449,21 +462,21 @@ verify_picture_asset_type (shared_ptr<const ReelMXF> reel_mxf, function<void (fl
        static const int max_frame =   rint(250 * 1000000 / (8 * asset->edit_rate().as_float()));
        static const int risky_frame = rint(230 * 1000000 / (8 * asset->edit_rate().as_float()));
        if (biggest_frame > max_frame) {
-               return VERIFY_PICTURE_ASSET_RESULT_BAD;
+               return VerifyPictureAssetResult::BAD;
        } else if (biggest_frame > risky_frame) {
-               return VERIFY_PICTURE_ASSET_RESULT_FRAME_NEARLY_TOO_LARGE;
+               return VerifyPictureAssetResult::FRAME_NEARLY_TOO_LARGE;
        }
 
-       return VERIFY_PICTURE_ASSET_RESULT_GOOD;
+       return VerifyPictureAssetResult::GOOD;
 }
 
 
 static VerifyPictureAssetResult
-verify_picture_asset (shared_ptr<const ReelMXF> reel_mxf, function<void (float)> progress)
+verify_picture_asset (shared_ptr<const ReelFileAsset> reel_file_asset, function<void (float)> progress)
 {
-       optional<VerifyPictureAssetResult> r = verify_picture_asset_type<MonoPictureAsset, MonoPictureAssetReader, MonoPictureFrame>(reel_mxf, progress);
+       auto r = verify_picture_asset_type<MonoPictureAsset, MonoPictureAssetReader, MonoPictureFrame>(reel_file_asset, progress);
        if (!r) {
-               r = verify_picture_asset_type<StereoPictureAsset, StereoPictureAssetReader, StereoPictureFrame>(reel_mxf, progress);
+               r = verify_picture_asset_type<StereoPictureAsset, StereoPictureAssetReader, StereoPictureFrame>(reel_file_asset, progress);
        }
 
        DCP_ASSERT (r);
@@ -477,47 +490,39 @@ verify_main_picture_asset (
        shared_ptr<const ReelPictureAsset> reel_asset,
        function<void (string, optional<boost::filesystem::path>)> stage,
        function<void (float)> progress,
-       list<VerificationNote>& notes
+       vector<VerificationNote>& notes
        )
 {
-       shared_ptr<const PictureAsset> asset = reel_asset->asset();
-       boost::filesystem::path const file = *asset->file();
+       auto asset = reel_asset->asset();
+       auto const file = *asset->file();
        stage ("Checking picture asset hash", file);
-       VerifyAssetResult const r = verify_asset (dcp, reel_asset, progress);
+       auto const r = verify_asset (dcp, reel_asset, progress);
        switch (r) {
-               case VERIFY_ASSET_RESULT_BAD:
-                       notes.push_back (
-                               VerificationNote(
-                                       VerificationNote::VERIFY_ERROR, VerificationNote::PICTURE_HASH_INCORRECT, file
-                                       )
-                               );
+               case VerifyAssetResult::BAD:
+                       notes.push_back ({
+                               VerificationNote::Type::ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::INCORRECT_PICTURE_HASH, file
+                       });
                        break;
-               case VERIFY_ASSET_RESULT_CPL_PKL_DIFFER:
-                       notes.push_back (
-                               VerificationNote(
-                                       VerificationNote::VERIFY_ERROR, VerificationNote::PKL_CPL_PICTURE_HASHES_DISAGREE, file
-                                       )
-                               );
+               case VerifyAssetResult::CPL_PKL_DIFFER:
+                       notes.push_back ({
+                               VerificationNote::Type::ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::MISMATCHED_PICTURE_HASHES, file
+                       });
                        break;
                default:
                        break;
        }
        stage ("Checking picture frame sizes", asset->file());
-       VerifyPictureAssetResult const pr = verify_picture_asset (reel_asset, progress);
+       auto const pr = verify_picture_asset (reel_asset, progress);
        switch (pr) {
-               case VERIFY_PICTURE_ASSET_RESULT_BAD:
-                       notes.push_back (
-                               VerificationNote(
-                                       VerificationNote::VERIFY_ERROR, VerificationNote::PICTURE_FRAME_TOO_LARGE_IN_BYTES, file
-                                       )
-                               );
+               case VerifyPictureAssetResult::BAD:
+                       notes.push_back ({
+                               VerificationNote::Type::ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_PICTURE_FRAME_SIZE_IN_BYTES, file
+                       });
                        break;
-               case VERIFY_PICTURE_ASSET_RESULT_FRAME_NEARLY_TOO_LARGE:
-                       notes.push_back (
-                               VerificationNote(
-                                       VerificationNote::VERIFY_WARNING, VerificationNote::PICTURE_FRAME_NEARLY_TOO_LARGE_IN_BYTES, file
-                                       )
-                               );
+               case VerifyPictureAssetResult::FRAME_NEARLY_TOO_LARGE:
+                       notes.push_back ({
+                               VerificationNote::Type::WARNING, VerificationNote::Code::NEARLY_INVALID_PICTURE_FRAME_SIZE_IN_BYTES, file
+                       });
                        break;
                default:
                        break;
@@ -525,57 +530,50 @@ verify_main_picture_asset (
 
        /* Only flat/scope allowed by Bv2.1 */
        if (
-               asset->size() != dcp::Size(2048, 858) &&
-               asset->size() != dcp::Size(1998, 1080) &&
-               asset->size() != dcp::Size(4096, 1716) &&
-               asset->size() != dcp::Size(3996, 2160)) {
-               notes.push_back(
-                       VerificationNote(
-                               VerificationNote::VERIFY_BV21_ERROR,
-                               VerificationNote::PICTURE_ASSET_INVALID_SIZE_IN_PIXELS,
-                               String::compose("%1x%2", asset->size().width, asset->size().height),
-                               file
-                               )
-                       );
+               asset->size() != Size(2048, 858) &&
+               asset->size() != Size(1998, 1080) &&
+               asset->size() != Size(4096, 1716) &&
+               asset->size() != Size(3996, 2160)) {
+               notes.push_back({
+                       VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR,
+                       VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_PICTURE_SIZE_IN_PIXELS,
+                       String::compose("%1x%2", asset->size().width, asset->size().height),
+                       file
+               });
        }
 
        /* Only 24, 25, 48fps allowed for 2K */
        if (
-               (asset->size() == dcp::Size(2048, 858) || asset->size() == dcp::Size(1998, 1080)) &&
-               (asset->edit_rate() != dcp::Fraction(24, 1) && asset->edit_rate() != dcp::Fraction(25, 1) && asset->edit_rate() != dcp::Fraction(48, 1))
+               (asset->size() == Size(2048, 858) || asset->size() == Size(1998, 1080)) &&
+               (asset->edit_rate() != Fraction(24, 1) && asset->edit_rate() != Fraction(25, 1) && asset->edit_rate() != Fraction(48, 1))
           ) {
-               notes.push_back(
-                       VerificationNote(
-                               VerificationNote::VERIFY_BV21_ERROR,
-                               VerificationNote::PICTURE_ASSET_INVALID_FRAME_RATE_FOR_2K,
-                               String::compose("%1/%2", asset->edit_rate().numerator, asset->edit_rate().denominator),
-                               file
-                               )
-                       );
+               notes.push_back({
+                       VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR,
+                       VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_PICTURE_FRAME_RATE_FOR_2K,
+                       String::compose("%1/%2", asset->edit_rate().numerator, asset->edit_rate().denominator),
+                       file
+               });
        }
 
-       if (asset->size() == dcp::Size(4096, 1716) || asset->size() == dcp::Size(3996, 2160)) {
+       if (asset->size() == Size(4096, 1716) || asset->size() == Size(3996, 2160)) {
                /* Only 24fps allowed for 4K */
-               if (asset->edit_rate() != dcp::Fraction(24, 1)) {
-                       notes.push_back(
-                               VerificationNote(
-                                       VerificationNote::VERIFY_BV21_ERROR,
-                                       VerificationNote::PICTURE_ASSET_INVALID_FRAME_RATE_FOR_4K,
-                                       String::compose("%1/%2", asset->edit_rate().numerator, asset->edit_rate().denominator),
-                                       file
-                                       )
-                               );
+               if (asset->edit_rate() != Fraction(24, 1)) {
+                       notes.push_back({
+                               VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR,
+                               VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_PICTURE_FRAME_RATE_FOR_4K,
+                               String::compose("%1/%2", asset->edit_rate().numerator, asset->edit_rate().denominator),
+                               file
+                       });
                }
 
                /* Only 2D allowed for 4K */
                if (dynamic_pointer_cast<const StereoPictureAsset>(asset)) {
-                       notes.push_back(
-                               VerificationNote(
-                                       VerificationNote::VERIFY_BV21_ERROR,
-                                       VerificationNote::PICTURE_ASSET_4K_3D,
-                                       file
-                                       )
-                               );
+                       notes.push_back({
+                               VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR,
+                               VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_PICTURE_ASSET_RESOLUTION_FOR_3D,
+                               String::compose("%1/%2", asset->edit_rate().numerator, asset->edit_rate().denominator),
+                               file
+                       });
 
                }
        }
@@ -589,26 +587,18 @@ verify_main_sound_asset (
        shared_ptr<const ReelSoundAsset> reel_asset,
        function<void (string, optional<boost::filesystem::path>)> stage,
        function<void (float)> progress,
-       list<VerificationNote>& notes
+       vector<VerificationNote>& notes
        )
 {
-       shared_ptr<const dcp::SoundAsset> asset = reel_asset->asset();
+       auto asset = reel_asset->asset();
        stage ("Checking sound asset hash", asset->file());
-       VerifyAssetResult const r = verify_asset (dcp, reel_asset, progress);
+       auto const r = verify_asset (dcp, reel_asset, progress);
        switch (r) {
-               case VERIFY_ASSET_RESULT_BAD:
-                       notes.push_back (
-                               VerificationNote(
-                                       VerificationNote::VERIFY_ERROR, VerificationNote::SOUND_HASH_INCORRECT, *asset->file()
-                                       )
-                               );
+               case VerifyAssetResult::BAD:
+                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::INCORRECT_SOUND_HASH, *asset->file()});
                        break;
-               case VERIFY_ASSET_RESULT_CPL_PKL_DIFFER:
-                       notes.push_back (
-                               VerificationNote(
-                                       VerificationNote::VERIFY_ERROR, VerificationNote::PKL_CPL_SOUND_HASHES_DISAGREE, *asset->file()
-                                       )
-                               );
+               case VerifyAssetResult::CPL_PKL_DIFFER:
+                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::MISMATCHED_SOUND_HASHES, *asset->file()});
                        break;
                default:
                        break;
@@ -617,26 +607,92 @@ verify_main_sound_asset (
        stage ("Checking sound asset metadata", asset->file());
 
        verify_language_tag (asset->language(), notes);
+       if (asset->sampling_rate() != 48000) {
+               notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_SOUND_FRAME_RATE, raw_convert<string>(asset->sampling_rate()), *asset->file()});
+       }
 }
 
 
 static void
-verify_main_subtitle_reel (shared_ptr<const ReelSubtitleAsset> reel_asset, list<VerificationNote>& notes)
+verify_main_subtitle_reel (shared_ptr<const ReelSubtitleAsset> reel_asset, vector<VerificationNote>& notes)
 {
        /* XXX: is Language compulsory? */
        if (reel_asset->language()) {
                verify_language_tag (*reel_asset->language(), notes);
        }
+
+       if (!reel_asset->entry_point()) {
+               notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_SUBTITLE_ENTRY_POINT, reel_asset->id() });
+       } else if (reel_asset->entry_point().get()) {
+               notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::INCORRECT_SUBTITLE_ENTRY_POINT, reel_asset->id() });
+       }
 }
 
 
 static void
-verify_closed_caption_reel (shared_ptr<const ReelClosedCaptionAsset> reel_asset, list<VerificationNote>& notes)
+verify_closed_caption_reel (shared_ptr<const ReelClosedCaptionAsset> reel_asset, vector<VerificationNote>& notes)
 {
        /* XXX: is Language compulsory? */
        if (reel_asset->language()) {
                verify_language_tag (*reel_asset->language(), notes);
        }
+
+       if (!reel_asset->entry_point()) {
+               notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_CLOSED_CAPTION_ENTRY_POINT, reel_asset->id() });
+       } else if (reel_asset->entry_point().get()) {
+               notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::INCORRECT_CLOSED_CAPTION_ENTRY_POINT, reel_asset->id() });
+       }
+}
+
+
+struct State
+{
+       boost::optional<string> subtitle_language;
+};
+
+
+
+void
+verify_smpte_subtitle_asset (
+       shared_ptr<const SMPTESubtitleAsset> asset,
+       vector<VerificationNote>& notes,
+       State& state
+       )
+{
+       if (asset->language()) {
+               auto const language = *asset->language();
+               verify_language_tag (language, notes);
+               if (!state.subtitle_language) {
+                       state.subtitle_language = language;
+               } else if (state.subtitle_language != language) {
+                       notes.push_back ({ VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::MISMATCHED_SUBTITLE_LANGUAGES });
+               }
+       } else {
+               notes.push_back ({ VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_SUBTITLE_LANGUAGE, *asset->file() });
+       }
+       auto const size = boost::filesystem::file_size(asset->file().get());
+       if (size > 115 * 1024 * 1024) {
+               notes.push_back (
+                       { VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_TIMED_TEXT_SIZE_IN_BYTES, raw_convert<string>(size), *asset->file() }
+                       );
+       }
+       /* XXX: I'm not sure what Bv2.1_7.2.1 means when it says "the font resource shall not be larger than 10MB"
+        * but I'm hoping that checking for the total size of all fonts being <= 10MB will do.
+        */
+       auto fonts = asset->font_data ();
+       int total_size = 0;
+       for (auto i: fonts) {
+               total_size += i.second.size();
+       }
+       if (total_size > 10 * 1024 * 1024) {
+               notes.push_back ({ VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_TIMED_TEXT_FONT_SIZE_IN_BYTES, raw_convert<string>(total_size), asset->file().get() });
+       }
+
+       if (!asset->start_time()) {
+               notes.push_back ({ VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_SUBTITLE_START_TIME, asset->file().get() });
+       } else if (asset->start_time() != Time()) {
+               notes.push_back ({ VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_SUBTITLE_START_TIME, asset->file().get() });
+       }
 }
 
 
@@ -645,7 +701,8 @@ verify_subtitle_asset (
        shared_ptr<const SubtitleAsset> asset,
        function<void (string, optional<boost::filesystem::path>)> stage,
        boost::filesystem::path xsd_dtd_directory,
-       list<VerificationNote>& notes
+       vector<VerificationNote>& notes,
+       State& state
        )
 {
        stage ("Checking subtitle XML", asset->file());
@@ -654,11 +711,9 @@ verify_subtitle_asset (
         */
        validate_xml (asset->raw_xml(), xsd_dtd_directory, notes);
 
-       shared_ptr<const SMPTESubtitleAsset> smpte = dynamic_pointer_cast<const SMPTESubtitleAsset>(asset);
+       auto smpte = dynamic_pointer_cast<const SMPTESubtitleAsset>(asset);
        if (smpte) {
-               if (smpte->language()) {
-                       verify_language_tag (*smpte->language(), notes);
-               }
+               verify_smpte_subtitle_asset (smpte, notes, state);
        }
 }
 
@@ -668,22 +723,331 @@ verify_closed_caption_asset (
        shared_ptr<const SubtitleAsset> asset,
        function<void (string, optional<boost::filesystem::path>)> stage,
        boost::filesystem::path xsd_dtd_directory,
-       list<VerificationNote>& notes
+       vector<VerificationNote>& notes,
+       State& state
        )
 {
-       verify_subtitle_asset (asset, stage, xsd_dtd_directory, notes);
+       verify_subtitle_asset (asset, stage, xsd_dtd_directory, notes, state);
 
        if (asset->raw_xml().size() > 256 * 1024) {
-               notes.push_back (
-                       VerificationNote(
-                               VerificationNote::VERIFY_BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::CLOSED_CAPTION_XML_TOO_LARGE_IN_BYTES, *asset->file()
-                               )
-                       );
+               notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_CLOSED_CAPTION_XML_SIZE_IN_BYTES, raw_convert<string>(asset->raw_xml().size()), *asset->file()});
+       }
+}
+
+
+static
+void
+verify_text_timing (
+       vector<shared_ptr<Reel>> reels,
+       optional<int> picture_frame_rate,
+       vector<VerificationNote>& notes,
+       std::function<bool (shared_ptr<Reel>)> check,
+       std::function<string (shared_ptr<Reel>)> xml,
+       std::function<int64_t (shared_ptr<Reel>)> duration
+       )
+{
+       /* end of last subtitle (in editable units) */
+       optional<int64_t> last_out;
+       auto too_short = false;
+       auto too_close = false;
+       auto too_early = false;
+       /* current reel start time (in editable units) */
+       int64_t reel_offset = 0;
+
+       std::function<void (cxml::ConstNodePtr, int, int, bool)> parse;
+       parse = [&parse, &last_out, &too_short, &too_close, &too_early, &reel_offset](cxml::ConstNodePtr node, int tcr, int pfr, bool first_reel) {
+               if (node->name() == "Subtitle") {
+                       Time in (node->string_attribute("TimeIn"), tcr);
+                       Time out (node->string_attribute("TimeOut"), tcr);
+                       if (first_reel && in < Time(0, 0, 4, 0, tcr)) {
+                               too_early = true;
+                       }
+                       auto length = out - in;
+                       if (length.as_editable_units(pfr) < 15) {
+                               too_short = true;
+                       }
+                       if (last_out) {
+                               /* XXX: this feels dubious - is it really what Bv2.1 means? */
+                               auto distance = reel_offset + in.as_editable_units(pfr) - *last_out;
+                               if (distance >= 0 && distance < 2) {
+                                       too_close = true;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       last_out = reel_offset + out.as_editable_units(pfr);
+               } else {
+                       for (auto i: node->node_children()) {
+                               parse(i, tcr, pfr, first_reel);
+                       }
+               }
+       };
+
+       for (auto i = 0U; i < reels.size(); ++i) {
+               if (!check(reels[i])) {
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               /* We need to look at <Subtitle> instances in the XML being checked, so we can't use the subtitles
+                * read in by libdcp's parser.
+                */
+
+               auto doc = make_shared<cxml::Document>("SubtitleReel");
+               doc->read_string (xml(reels[i]));
+               auto const tcr = doc->number_child<int>("TimeCodeRate");
+               parse (doc, tcr, picture_frame_rate.get_value_or(24), i == 0);
+               reel_offset += duration(reels[i]);
+       }
+
+       if (too_early) {
+               notes.push_back({
+                       VerificationNote::Type::WARNING, VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_SUBTITLE_FIRST_TEXT_TIME
+               });
+       }
+
+       if (too_short) {
+               notes.push_back ({
+                       VerificationNote::Type::WARNING, VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_SUBTITLE_DURATION
+               });
+       }
+
+       if (too_close) {
+               notes.push_back ({
+                       VerificationNote::Type::WARNING, VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_SUBTITLE_SPACING
+               });
+       }
+}
+
+
+struct LinesCharactersResult
+{
+       bool warning_length_exceeded = false;
+       bool error_length_exceeded = false;
+       bool line_count_exceeded = false;
+};
+
+
+static
+void
+verify_text_lines_and_characters (
+       shared_ptr<SubtitleAsset> asset,
+       int warning_length,
+       int error_length,
+       LinesCharactersResult* result
+       )
+{
+       class Event
+       {
+       public:
+               Event (Time time_, float position_, int characters_)
+                       : time (time_)
+                       , position (position_)
+                       , characters (characters_)
+               {}
+
+               Event (Time time_, shared_ptr<Event> start_)
+                       : time (time_)
+                       , start (start_)
+               {}
+
+               Time time;
+               int position; //< position from 0 at top of screen to 100 at bottom
+               int characters;
+               shared_ptr<Event> start;
+       };
+
+       vector<shared_ptr<Event>> events;
+
+       auto position = [](shared_ptr<const SubtitleString> sub) {
+               switch (sub->v_align()) {
+               case VAlign::TOP:
+                       return lrintf(sub->v_position() * 100);
+               case VAlign::CENTER:
+                       return lrintf((0.5f + sub->v_position()) * 100);
+               case VAlign::BOTTOM:
+                       return lrintf((1.0f - sub->v_position()) * 100);
+               }
+
+               return 0L;
+       };
+
+       for (auto j: asset->subtitles()) {
+               auto text = dynamic_pointer_cast<const SubtitleString>(j);
+               if (text) {
+                       auto in = make_shared<Event>(text->in(), position(text), text->text().length());
+                       events.push_back(in);
+                       events.push_back(make_shared<Event>(text->out(), in));
+               }
+       }
+
+       std::sort(events.begin(), events.end(), [](shared_ptr<Event> const& a, shared_ptr<Event>const& b) {
+               return a->time < b->time;
+       });
+
+       map<int, int> current;
+       for (auto i: events) {
+               if (current.size() > 3) {
+                       result->line_count_exceeded = true;
+               }
+               for (auto j: current) {
+                       if (j.second >= warning_length) {
+                               result->warning_length_exceeded = true;
+                       }
+                       if (j.second >= error_length) {
+                               result->error_length_exceeded = true;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               if (i->start) {
+                       /* end of a subtitle */
+                       DCP_ASSERT (current.find(i->start->position) != current.end());
+                       if (current[i->start->position] == i->start->characters) {
+                               current.erase(i->start->position);
+                       } else {
+                               current[i->start->position] -= i->start->characters;
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       /* start of a subtitle */
+                       if (current.find(i->position) == current.end()) {
+                               current[i->position] = i->characters;
+                       } else {
+                               current[i->position] += i->characters;
+                       }
+               }
        }
 }
 
 
-list<VerificationNote>
+static
+void
+verify_text_timing (vector<shared_ptr<Reel>> reels, vector<VerificationNote>& notes)
+{
+       if (reels.empty()) {
+               return;
+       }
+
+       optional<int> picture_frame_rate;
+       if (reels[0]->main_picture()) {
+               picture_frame_rate = reels[0]->main_picture()->frame_rate().numerator;
+       }
+
+       if (reels[0]->main_subtitle()) {
+               verify_text_timing (reels, picture_frame_rate, notes,
+                       [](shared_ptr<Reel> reel) {
+                               return static_cast<bool>(reel->main_subtitle());
+                       },
+                       [](shared_ptr<Reel> reel) {
+                               return reel->main_subtitle()->asset()->raw_xml();
+                       },
+                       [](shared_ptr<Reel> reel) {
+                               return reel->main_subtitle()->actual_duration();
+                       }
+               );
+       }
+
+       for (auto i = 0U; i < reels[0]->closed_captions().size(); ++i) {
+               verify_text_timing (reels, picture_frame_rate, notes,
+                       [i](shared_ptr<Reel> reel) {
+                               return i < reel->closed_captions().size();
+                       },
+                       [i](shared_ptr<Reel> reel) {
+                               return reel->closed_captions()[i]->asset()->raw_xml();
+                       },
+                       [i](shared_ptr<Reel> reel) {
+                               return reel->closed_captions()[i]->actual_duration();
+                       }
+               );
+       }
+}
+
+
+void
+verify_extension_metadata (shared_ptr<CPL> cpl, vector<VerificationNote>& notes)
+{
+       DCP_ASSERT (cpl->file());
+       cxml::Document doc ("CompositionPlaylist");
+       doc.read_file (cpl->file().get());
+
+       auto missing = false;
+       string malformed;
+
+       if (auto reel_list = doc.node_child("ReelList")) {
+               auto reels = reel_list->node_children("Reel");
+               if (!reels.empty()) {
+                       if (auto asset_list = reels[0]->optional_node_child("AssetList")) {
+                               if (auto metadata = asset_list->optional_node_child("CompositionMetadataAsset")) {
+                                       if (auto extension_list = metadata->optional_node_child("ExtensionMetadataList")) {
+                                               missing = true;
+                                               for (auto extension: extension_list->node_children("ExtensionMetadata")) {
+                                                       if (extension->optional_string_attribute("scope").get_value_or("") != "http://isdcf.com/ns/cplmd/app") {
+                                                               continue;
+                                                       }
+                                                       missing = false;
+                                                       if (auto name = extension->optional_node_child("Name")) {
+                                                               if (name->content() != "Application") {
+                                                                       malformed = "<Name> should be 'Application'";
+                                                               }
+                                                       }
+                                                       if (auto property_list = extension->optional_node_child("PropertyList")) {
+                                                               if (auto property = property_list->optional_node_child("Property")) {
+                                                                       if (auto name = property->optional_node_child("Name")) {
+                                                                               if (name->content() != "DCP Constraints Profile") {
+                                                                                       malformed = "<Name> property should be 'DCP Constraints Profile'";
+                                                                               }
+                                                                       }
+                                                                       if (auto value = property->optional_node_child("Value")) {
+                                                                               if (value->content() != "SMPTE-RDD-52:2020-Bv2.1") {
+                                                                                       malformed = "<Value> property should be 'SMPTE-RDD-52:2020-Bv2.1'";
+                                                                               }
+                                                                       }
+                                                               }
+                                                       }
+                                               }
+                                       } else {
+                                               missing = true;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (missing) {
+               notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_EXTENSION_METADATA, cpl->id(), cpl->file().get()});
+       } else if (!malformed.empty()) {
+               notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_EXTENSION_METADATA, malformed, cpl->file().get()});
+       }
+}
+
+
+bool
+pkl_has_encrypted_assets (shared_ptr<DCP> dcp, shared_ptr<PKL> pkl)
+{
+       vector<string> encrypted;
+       for (auto i: dcp->cpls()) {
+               for (auto j: i->reel_file_assets()) {
+                       if (j->asset_ref().resolved()) {
+                               /* It's a bit surprising / broken but Interop subtitle assets are represented
+                                * in reels by ReelSubtitleAsset which inherits ReelFileAsset, so it's possible for
+                                * ReelFileAssets to have assets which are not MXFs.
+                                */
+                               if (auto asset = dynamic_pointer_cast<MXF>(j->asset_ref().asset())) {
+                                       if (asset->encrypted()) {
+                                               encrypted.push_back(j->asset_ref().id());
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       for (auto i: pkl->asset_list()) {
+               if (find(encrypted.begin(), encrypted.end(), i->id()) != encrypted.end()) {
+                       return true;
+               }
+       }
+
+       return false;
+}
+
+
+vector<VerificationNote>
 dcp::verify (
        vector<boost::filesystem::path> directories,
        function<void (string, optional<boost::filesystem::path>)> stage,
@@ -693,66 +1057,136 @@ dcp::verify (
 {
        xsd_dtd_directory = boost::filesystem::canonical (xsd_dtd_directory);
 
-       list<VerificationNote> notes;
+       vector<VerificationNote> notes;
+       State state{};
 
-       list<shared_ptr<DCP> > dcps;
-       BOOST_FOREACH (boost::filesystem::path i, directories) {
+       vector<shared_ptr<DCP>> dcps;
+       for (auto i: directories) {
                dcps.push_back (shared_ptr<DCP> (new DCP (i)));
        }
 
-       BOOST_FOREACH (shared_ptr<DCP> dcp, dcps) {
+       for (auto dcp: dcps) {
                stage ("Checking DCP", dcp->directory());
                try {
                        dcp->read (&notes);
                } catch (ReadError& e) {
-                       notes.push_back (VerificationNote(VerificationNote::VERIFY_ERROR, VerificationNote::GENERAL_READ, string(e.what())));
+                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::FAILED_READ, string(e.what())});
                } catch (XMLError& e) {
-                       notes.push_back (VerificationNote(VerificationNote::VERIFY_ERROR, VerificationNote::GENERAL_READ, string(e.what())));
+                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::FAILED_READ, string(e.what())});
                } catch (MXFFileError& e) {
-                       notes.push_back (VerificationNote(VerificationNote::VERIFY_ERROR, VerificationNote::GENERAL_READ, string(e.what())));
+                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::FAILED_READ, string(e.what())});
                } catch (cxml::Error& e) {
-                       notes.push_back (VerificationNote(VerificationNote::VERIFY_ERROR, VerificationNote::GENERAL_READ, string(e.what())));
+                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::FAILED_READ, string(e.what())});
                }
 
-               if (dcp->standard() != dcp::SMPTE) {
-                       notes.push_back (VerificationNote(VerificationNote::VERIFY_BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::NOT_SMPTE));
+               if (dcp->standard() != Standard::SMPTE) {
+                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_STANDARD});
                }
 
-               BOOST_FOREACH (shared_ptr<CPL> cpl, dcp->cpls()) {
+               for (auto cpl: dcp->cpls()) {
                        stage ("Checking CPL", cpl->file());
                        validate_xml (cpl->file().get(), xsd_dtd_directory, notes);
 
-                       BOOST_FOREACH (string const& i, cpl->additional_subtitle_languages()) {
+                       if (cpl->any_encrypted() && !cpl->all_encrypted()) {
+                               notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::PARTIALLY_ENCRYPTED});
+                       }
+
+                       for (auto const& i: cpl->additional_subtitle_languages()) {
                                verify_language_tag (i, notes);
                        }
 
                        if (cpl->release_territory()) {
-                               verify_language_tag (cpl->release_territory().get(), notes);
+                               if (!cpl->release_territory_scope() || cpl->release_territory_scope().get() != "http://www.smpte-ra.org/schemas/429-16/2014/CPL-Metadata#scope/release-territory/UNM49") {
+                                       auto terr = cpl->release_territory().get();
+                                       /* Must be a valid region tag, or "001" */
+                                       try {
+                                               LanguageTag::RegionSubtag test (terr);
+                                       } catch (...) {
+                                               if (terr != "001") {
+                                                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_LANGUAGE, terr});
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                               }
                        }
 
-                       /* Check that the CPL's hash corresponds to the PKL */
-                       BOOST_FOREACH (shared_ptr<PKL> i, dcp->pkls()) {
+                       if (dcp->standard() == Standard::SMPTE) {
+                               if (!cpl->annotation_text()) {
+                                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_CPL_ANNOTATION_TEXT, cpl->id(), cpl->file().get()});
+                               } else if (cpl->annotation_text().get() != cpl->content_title_text()) {
+                                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::WARNING, VerificationNote::Code::MISMATCHED_CPL_ANNOTATION_TEXT, cpl->id(), cpl->file().get()});
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       for (auto i: dcp->pkls()) {
+                               /* Check that the CPL's hash corresponds to the PKL */
                                optional<string> h = i->hash(cpl->id());
                                if (h && make_digest(ArrayData(*cpl->file())) != *h) {
-                                       notes.push_back (VerificationNote(VerificationNote::VERIFY_ERROR, VerificationNote::CPL_HASH_INCORRECT));
+                                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::MISMATCHED_CPL_HASHES, cpl->id(), cpl->file().get()});
+                               }
+
+                               /* Check that any PKL with a single CPL has its AnnotationText the same as the CPL's ContentTitleText */
+                               optional<string> required_annotation_text;
+                               for (auto j: i->asset_list()) {
+                                       /* See if this is a CPL */
+                                       for (auto k: dcp->cpls()) {
+                                               if (j->id() == k->id()) {
+                                                       if (!required_annotation_text) {
+                                                               /* First CPL we have found; this is the required AnnotationText unless we find another */
+                                                               required_annotation_text = cpl->content_title_text();
+                                                       } else {
+                                                               /* There's more than one CPL so we don't care what the PKL's AnnotationText is */
+                                                               required_annotation_text = boost::none;
+                                                       }
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                               if (required_annotation_text && i->annotation_text() != required_annotation_text) {
+                                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::MISMATCHED_PKL_ANNOTATION_TEXT_WITH_CPL, i->id(), i->file().get()});
                                }
                        }
 
-                       BOOST_FOREACH (shared_ptr<Reel> reel, cpl->reels()) {
+                       /* set to true if any reel has a MainSubtitle */
+                       auto have_main_subtitle = false;
+                       /* set to true if any reel has no MainSubtitle */
+                       auto have_no_main_subtitle = false;
+                       /* fewest number of closed caption assets seen in a reel */
+                       size_t fewest_closed_captions = SIZE_MAX;
+                       /* most number of closed caption assets seen in a reel */
+                       size_t most_closed_captions = 0;
+                       map<Marker, Time> markers_seen;
+
+                       for (auto reel: cpl->reels()) {
                                stage ("Checking reel", optional<boost::filesystem::path>());
 
-                               BOOST_FOREACH (shared_ptr<ReelAsset> i, reel->assets()) {
+                               for (auto i: reel->assets()) {
                                        if (i->duration() && (i->duration().get() * i->edit_rate().denominator / i->edit_rate().numerator) < 1) {
-                                               notes.push_back (VerificationNote(VerificationNote::VERIFY_ERROR, VerificationNote::DURATION_TOO_SMALL, i->id()));
+                                               notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_DURATION, i->id()});
                                        }
                                        if ((i->intrinsic_duration() * i->edit_rate().denominator / i->edit_rate().numerator) < 1) {
-                                               notes.push_back (VerificationNote(VerificationNote::VERIFY_ERROR, VerificationNote::INTRINSIC_DURATION_TOO_SMALL, i->id()));
+                                               notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_INTRINSIC_DURATION, i->id()});
+                                       }
+                                       auto file_asset = dynamic_pointer_cast<ReelFileAsset>(i);
+                                       if (file_asset && !file_asset->hash()) {
+                                               notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_HASH, i->id()});
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                               if (dcp->standard() == Standard::SMPTE) {
+                                       boost::optional<int64_t> duration;
+                                       for (auto i: reel->assets()) {
+                                               if (!duration) {
+                                                       duration = i->actual_duration();
+                                               } else if (*duration != i->actual_duration()) {
+                                                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::MISMATCHED_ASSET_DURATION});
+                                                       break;
+                                               }
                                        }
                                }
 
                                if (reel->main_picture()) {
                                        /* Check reel stuff */
-                                       Fraction const frame_rate = reel->main_picture()->frame_rate();
+                                       auto const frame_rate = reel->main_picture()->frame_rate();
                                        if (frame_rate.denominator != 1 ||
                                            (frame_rate.numerator != 24 &&
                                             frame_rate.numerator != 25 &&
@@ -761,7 +1195,11 @@ dcp::verify (
                                             frame_rate.numerator != 50 &&
                                             frame_rate.numerator != 60 &&
                                             frame_rate.numerator != 96)) {
-                                               notes.push_back (VerificationNote(VerificationNote::VERIFY_ERROR, VerificationNote::INVALID_PICTURE_FRAME_RATE));
+                                               notes.push_back ({
+                                                       VerificationNote::Type::ERROR,
+                                                       VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_PICTURE_FRAME_RATE,
+                                                       String::compose("%1/%2", frame_rate.numerator, frame_rate.denominator)
+                                               });
                                        }
                                        /* Check asset */
                                        if (reel->main_picture()->asset_ref().resolved()) {
@@ -776,88 +1214,312 @@ dcp::verify (
                                if (reel->main_subtitle()) {
                                        verify_main_subtitle_reel (reel->main_subtitle(), notes);
                                        if (reel->main_subtitle()->asset_ref().resolved()) {
-                                               verify_subtitle_asset (reel->main_subtitle()->asset(), stage, xsd_dtd_directory, notes);
+                                               verify_subtitle_asset (reel->main_subtitle()->asset(), stage, xsd_dtd_directory, notes, state);
                                        }
+                                       have_main_subtitle = true;
+                               } else {
+                                       have_no_main_subtitle = true;
                                }
 
-                               BOOST_FOREACH (shared_ptr<dcp::ReelClosedCaptionAsset> i, reel->closed_captions()) {
+                               for (auto i: reel->closed_captions()) {
                                        verify_closed_caption_reel (i, notes);
                                        if (i->asset_ref().resolved()) {
-                                               verify_closed_caption_asset (i->asset(), stage, xsd_dtd_directory, notes);
+                                               verify_closed_caption_asset (i->asset(), stage, xsd_dtd_directory, notes, state);
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                               if (reel->main_markers()) {
+                                       for (auto const& i: reel->main_markers()->get()) {
+                                               markers_seen.insert (i);
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                               fewest_closed_captions = std::min (fewest_closed_captions, reel->closed_captions().size());
+                               most_closed_captions = std::max (most_closed_captions, reel->closed_captions().size());
+                       }
+
+                       if (dcp->standard() == Standard::SMPTE) {
+
+                               if (have_main_subtitle && have_no_main_subtitle) {
+                                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_MAIN_SUBTITLE_FROM_SOME_REELS});
+                               }
+
+                               if (fewest_closed_captions != most_closed_captions) {
+                                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::MISMATCHED_CLOSED_CAPTION_ASSET_COUNTS});
+                               }
+
+                               if (cpl->content_kind() == ContentKind::FEATURE) {
+                                       if (markers_seen.find(Marker::FFEC) == markers_seen.end()) {
+                                               notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_FFEC_IN_FEATURE});
+                                       }
+                                       if (markers_seen.find(Marker::FFMC) == markers_seen.end()) {
+                                               notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_FFMC_IN_FEATURE});
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                               auto ffoc = markers_seen.find(Marker::FFOC);
+                               if (ffoc == markers_seen.end()) {
+                                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::WARNING, VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_FFOC});
+                               } else if (ffoc->second.e != 1) {
+                                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::WARNING, VerificationNote::Code::INCORRECT_FFOC, raw_convert<string>(ffoc->second.e)});
+                               }
+
+                               auto lfoc = markers_seen.find(Marker::LFOC);
+                               if (lfoc == markers_seen.end()) {
+                                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::WARNING, VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_LFOC});
+                               } else {
+                                       auto lfoc_time = lfoc->second.as_editable_units(lfoc->second.tcr);
+                                       if (lfoc_time != (cpl->reels().back()->duration() - 1)) {
+                                               notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::WARNING, VerificationNote::Code::INCORRECT_LFOC, raw_convert<string>(lfoc_time)});
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                               verify_text_timing (cpl->reels(), notes);
+
+                               LinesCharactersResult result;
+                               for (auto reel: cpl->reels()) {
+                                       if (reel->main_subtitle() && reel->main_subtitle()->asset()) {
+                                               verify_text_lines_and_characters (reel->main_subtitle()->asset(), 52, 79, &result);
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                               if (result.line_count_exceeded) {
+                                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::WARNING, VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_SUBTITLE_LINE_COUNT});
+                               }
+                               if (result.error_length_exceeded) {
+                                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::WARNING, VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_SUBTITLE_LINE_LENGTH});
+                               } else if (result.warning_length_exceeded) {
+                                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::WARNING, VerificationNote::Code::NEARLY_INVALID_SUBTITLE_LINE_LENGTH});
+                               }
+
+                               result = LinesCharactersResult();
+                               for (auto reel: cpl->reels()) {
+                                       for (auto i: reel->closed_captions()) {
+                                               if (i->asset()) {
+                                                       verify_text_lines_and_characters (i->asset(), 32, 32, &result);
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                               if (result.line_count_exceeded) {
+                                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_CLOSED_CAPTION_LINE_COUNT});
+                               }
+                               if (result.error_length_exceeded) {
+                                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_CLOSED_CAPTION_LINE_LENGTH});
+                               }
+
+                               if (!cpl->full_content_title_text()) {
+                                       /* Since FullContentTitleText is assumed always to exist if there's a CompositionMetadataAsset we
+                                        * can use it as a proxy for CompositionMetadataAsset's existence.
+                                        */
+                                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_CPL_METADATA, cpl->id(), cpl->file().get()});
+                               } else if (!cpl->version_number()) {
+                                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_CPL_METADATA_VERSION_NUMBER, cpl->id(), cpl->file().get()});
+                               }
+
+                               verify_extension_metadata (cpl, notes);
+
+                               if (cpl->any_encrypted()) {
+                                       cxml::Document doc ("CompositionPlaylist");
+                                       DCP_ASSERT (cpl->file());
+                                       doc.read_file (cpl->file().get());
+                                       if (!doc.optional_node_child("Signature")) {
+                                               notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::UNSIGNED_CPL_WITH_ENCRYPTED_CONTENT, cpl->id(), cpl->file().get()});
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                }
 
-               BOOST_FOREACH (shared_ptr<PKL> pkl, dcp->pkls()) {
+               for (auto pkl: dcp->pkls()) {
                        stage ("Checking PKL", pkl->file());
                        validate_xml (pkl->file().get(), xsd_dtd_directory, notes);
+                       if (pkl_has_encrypted_assets(dcp, pkl)) {
+                               cxml::Document doc ("PackingList");
+                               doc.read_file (pkl->file().get());
+                               if (!doc.optional_node_child("Signature")) {
+                                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::BV21_ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::UNSIGNED_PKL_WITH_ENCRYPTED_CONTENT, pkl->id(), pkl->file().get()});
+                               }
+                       }
                }
 
                if (dcp->asset_map_path()) {
                        stage ("Checking ASSETMAP", dcp->asset_map_path().get());
                        validate_xml (dcp->asset_map_path().get(), xsd_dtd_directory, notes);
                } else {
-                       notes.push_back (VerificationNote(VerificationNote::VERIFY_ERROR, VerificationNote::MISSING_ASSETMAP));
+                       notes.push_back ({VerificationNote::Type::ERROR, VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_ASSETMAP});
                }
        }
 
        return notes;
 }
 
+
 string
-dcp::note_to_string (dcp::VerificationNote note)
+dcp::note_to_string (VerificationNote note)
 {
+       /** These strings should say what is wrong, incorporating any extra details (ID, filenames etc.).
+        *
+        *  e.g. "ClosedCaption asset has no <EntryPoint> tag.",
+        *  not "ClosedCaption assets must have an <EntryPoint> tag."
+        *
+        *  It's OK to use XML tag names where they are clear.
+        *  If both ID and filename are available, use only the ID.
+        *  End messages with a full stop.
+        *  Messages should not mention whether or not their errors are a part of Bv2.1.
+        */
        switch (note.code()) {
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::GENERAL_READ:
+       case VerificationNote::Code::FAILED_READ:
                return *note.note();
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::CPL_HASH_INCORRECT:
-               return "The hash of the CPL in the PKL does not agree with the CPL file.";
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::INVALID_PICTURE_FRAME_RATE:
-               return "The picture in a reel has an invalid frame rate.";
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::PICTURE_HASH_INCORRECT:
-               return dcp::String::compose("The hash of the picture asset %1 does not agree with the PKL file.", note.file()->filename());
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::PKL_CPL_PICTURE_HASHES_DISAGREE:
-               return dcp::String::compose("The PKL and CPL hashes disagree for the picture asset %1.", note.file()->filename());
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::SOUND_HASH_INCORRECT:
-               return dcp::String::compose("The hash of the sound asset %1 does not agree with the PKL file.", note.file()->filename());
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::PKL_CPL_SOUND_HASHES_DISAGREE:
-               return dcp::String::compose("The PKL and CPL hashes disagree for the sound asset %1.", note.file()->filename());
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::EMPTY_ASSET_PATH:
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISMATCHED_CPL_HASHES:
+               return String::compose("The hash of the CPL %1 in the PKL does not agree with the CPL file.", note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_PICTURE_FRAME_RATE:
+               return String::compose("The picture in a reel has an invalid frame rate %1.", note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INCORRECT_PICTURE_HASH:
+               return String::compose("The hash of the picture asset %1 does not agree with the PKL file.", note.file()->filename());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISMATCHED_PICTURE_HASHES:
+               return String::compose("The PKL and CPL hashes differ for the picture asset %1.", note.file()->filename());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INCORRECT_SOUND_HASH:
+               return String::compose("The hash of the sound asset %1 does not agree with the PKL file.", note.file()->filename());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISMATCHED_SOUND_HASHES:
+               return String::compose("The PKL and CPL hashes differ for the sound asset %1.", note.file()->filename());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::EMPTY_ASSET_PATH:
                return "The asset map contains an empty asset path.";
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::MISSING_ASSET:
-               return String::compose("The file for an asset in the asset map cannot be found; missing file is %1.", note.file()->filename());
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::MISMATCHED_STANDARD:
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_ASSET:
+               return String::compose("The file %1 for an asset in the asset map cannot be found.", note.file()->filename());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISMATCHED_STANDARD:
                return "The DCP contains both SMPTE and Interop parts.";
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::XML_VALIDATION_ERROR:
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_XML:
                return String::compose("An XML file is badly formed: %1 (%2:%3)", note.note().get(), note.file()->filename(), note.line().get());
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::MISSING_ASSETMAP:
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_ASSETMAP:
                return "No ASSETMAP or ASSETMAP.xml was found.";
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::INTRINSIC_DURATION_TOO_SMALL:
-               return String::compose("The intrinsic duration of an asset is less than 1 second long: %1", note.note().get());
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::DURATION_TOO_SMALL:
-               return String::compose("The duration of an asset is less than 1 second long: %1", note.note().get());
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::PICTURE_FRAME_TOO_LARGE_IN_BYTES:
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_INTRINSIC_DURATION:
+               return String::compose("The intrinsic duration of the asset %1 is less than 1 second long.", note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_DURATION:
+               return String::compose("The duration of the asset %1 is less than 1 second long.", note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_PICTURE_FRAME_SIZE_IN_BYTES:
                return String::compose("The instantaneous bit rate of the picture asset %1 is larger than the limit of 250Mbit/s in at least one place.", note.file()->filename());
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::PICTURE_FRAME_NEARLY_TOO_LARGE_IN_BYTES:
+       case VerificationNote::Code::NEARLY_INVALID_PICTURE_FRAME_SIZE_IN_BYTES:
                return String::compose("The instantaneous bit rate of the picture asset %1 is close to the limit of 250Mbit/s in at least one place.", note.file()->filename());
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::EXTERNAL_ASSET:
-               return String::compose("An asset that this DCP refers to is not included in the DCP.  It may be a VF.  Missing asset is %1.", note.note().get());
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::NOT_SMPTE:
-               return "This DCP does not use the SMPTE standard, which is required for Bv2.1 compliance.";
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::BAD_LANGUAGE:
+       case VerificationNote::Code::EXTERNAL_ASSET:
+               return String::compose("The asset %1 that this DCP refers to is not included in the DCP.  It may be a VF.", note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_STANDARD:
+               return "This DCP does not use the SMPTE standard.";
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_LANGUAGE:
                return String::compose("The DCP specifies a language '%1' which does not conform to the RFC 5646 standard.", note.note().get());
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::PICTURE_ASSET_INVALID_SIZE_IN_PIXELS:
-               return String::compose("A picture asset's size (%1) is not one of those allowed by Bv2.1 (2048x858, 1998x1080, 4096x1716 or 3996x2160)", note.note().get());
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::PICTURE_ASSET_INVALID_FRAME_RATE_FOR_2K:
-               return String::compose("A picture asset's frame rate (%1) is not one of those allowed for 2K DCPs by Bv2.1 (24, 25 or 48fps)", note.note().get());
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::PICTURE_ASSET_INVALID_FRAME_RATE_FOR_4K:
-               return String::compose("A picture asset's frame rate (%1) is not 24fps as required for 4K DCPs by Bv2.1", note.note().get());
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::PICTURE_ASSET_4K_3D:
-               return "3D 4K DCPs are not allowed by Bv2.1";
-       case dcp::VerificationNote::CLOSED_CAPTION_XML_TOO_LARGE_IN_BYTES:
-               return String::compose("The XML for the closed caption asset %1 is longer than the 256KB maximum required by Bv2.1", note.file()->filename());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_PICTURE_SIZE_IN_PIXELS:
+               return String::compose("The size %1 of picture asset %2 is not allowed.", note.note().get(), note.file()->filename());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_PICTURE_FRAME_RATE_FOR_2K:
+               return String::compose("The frame rate %1 of picture asset %2 is not allowed for 2K DCPs.", note.note().get(), note.file()->filename());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_PICTURE_FRAME_RATE_FOR_4K:
+               return String::compose("The frame rate %1 of picture asset %2 is not allowed for 4K DCPs.", note.note().get(), note.file()->filename());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_PICTURE_ASSET_RESOLUTION_FOR_3D:
+               return "3D 4K DCPs are not allowed.";
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_CLOSED_CAPTION_XML_SIZE_IN_BYTES:
+               return String::compose("The size %1 of the closed caption asset %2 is larger than the 256KB maximum.", note.note().get(), note.file()->filename());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_TIMED_TEXT_SIZE_IN_BYTES:
+               return String::compose("The size %1 of the timed text asset %2 is larger than the 115MB maximum.", note.note().get(), note.file()->filename());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_TIMED_TEXT_FONT_SIZE_IN_BYTES:
+               return String::compose("The size %1 of the fonts in timed text asset %2 is larger than the 10MB maximum.", note.note().get(), note.file()->filename());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_SUBTITLE_LANGUAGE:
+               return String::compose("The XML for the SMPTE subtitle asset %1 has no <Language> tag.", note.file()->filename());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISMATCHED_SUBTITLE_LANGUAGES:
+               return "Some subtitle assets have different <Language> tags than others";
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_SUBTITLE_START_TIME:
+               return String::compose("The XML for the SMPTE subtitle asset %1 has no <StartTime> tag.", note.file()->filename());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_SUBTITLE_START_TIME:
+               return String::compose("The XML for a SMPTE subtitle asset %1 has a non-zero <StartTime> tag.", note.file()->filename());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_SUBTITLE_FIRST_TEXT_TIME:
+               return "The first subtitle or closed caption is less than 4 seconds from the start of the DCP.";
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_SUBTITLE_DURATION:
+               return "At least one subtitle lasts less than 15 frames.";
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_SUBTITLE_SPACING:
+               return "At least one pair of subtitles is separated by less than 2 frames.";
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_SUBTITLE_LINE_COUNT:
+               return "There are more than 3 subtitle lines in at least one place in the DCP.";
+       case VerificationNote::Code::NEARLY_INVALID_SUBTITLE_LINE_LENGTH:
+               return "There are more than 52 characters in at least one subtitle line.";
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_SUBTITLE_LINE_LENGTH:
+               return "There are more than 79 characters in at least one subtitle line.";
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_CLOSED_CAPTION_LINE_COUNT:
+               return "There are more than 3 closed caption lines in at least one place.";
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_CLOSED_CAPTION_LINE_LENGTH:
+               return "There are more than 32 characters in at least one closed caption line.";
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_SOUND_FRAME_RATE:
+               return String::compose("The sound asset %1 has a sampling rate of %2", note.file()->filename(), note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_CPL_ANNOTATION_TEXT:
+               return String::compose("The CPL %1 has no <AnnotationText> tag.", note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISMATCHED_CPL_ANNOTATION_TEXT:
+               return String::compose("The CPL %1 has an <AnnotationText> which differs from its <ContentTitleText>", note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISMATCHED_ASSET_DURATION:
+               return "All assets in a reel do not have the same duration.";
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_MAIN_SUBTITLE_FROM_SOME_REELS:
+               return "At least one reel contains a subtitle asset, but some reel(s) do not";
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISMATCHED_CLOSED_CAPTION_ASSET_COUNTS:
+               return "At least one reel has closed captions, but reels have different numbers of closed caption assets.";
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_SUBTITLE_ENTRY_POINT:
+               return String::compose("The subtitle asset %1 has no <EntryPoint> tag.", note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INCORRECT_SUBTITLE_ENTRY_POINT:
+               return String::compose("The subtitle asset %1 has an <EntryPoint> other than 0.", note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_CLOSED_CAPTION_ENTRY_POINT:
+               return String::compose("The closed caption asset %1 has no <EntryPoint> tag.", note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INCORRECT_CLOSED_CAPTION_ENTRY_POINT:
+               return String::compose("The closed caption asset %1 has an <EntryPoint> other than 0.", note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_HASH:
+               return String::compose("The asset %1 has no <Hash> tag in the CPL.", note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_FFEC_IN_FEATURE:
+               return "The DCP is marked as a Feature but there is no FFEC (first frame of end credits) marker";
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_FFMC_IN_FEATURE:
+               return "The DCP is marked as a Feature but there is no FFMC (first frame of moving credits) marker";
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_FFOC:
+               return "There should be a FFOC (first frame of content) marker";
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_LFOC:
+               return "There should be a LFOC (last frame of content) marker";
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INCORRECT_FFOC:
+               return String::compose("The FFOC marker is %1 instead of 1", note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INCORRECT_LFOC:
+               return String::compose("The LFOC marker is %1 instead of 1 less than the duration of the last reel.", note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_CPL_METADATA:
+               return String::compose("The CPL %1 has no <CompositionMetadataAsset> tag.", note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_CPL_METADATA_VERSION_NUMBER:
+               return String::compose("The CPL %1 has no <VersionNumber> in its <CompositionMetadataAsset>.", note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISSING_EXTENSION_METADATA:
+               return String::compose("The CPL %1 has no <ExtensionMetadata> in its <CompositionMetadataAsset>.", note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::INVALID_EXTENSION_METADATA:
+               return String::compose("The CPL %1 has a malformed <ExtensionMetadata> (%2).", note.file()->filename(), note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::UNSIGNED_CPL_WITH_ENCRYPTED_CONTENT:
+               return String::compose("The CPL %1, which has encrypted content, is not signed.", note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::UNSIGNED_PKL_WITH_ENCRYPTED_CONTENT:
+               return String::compose("The PKL %1, which has encrypted content, is not signed.", note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::MISMATCHED_PKL_ANNOTATION_TEXT_WITH_CPL:
+               return String::compose("The PKL %1 has only one CPL but its <AnnotationText> does not match the CPL's <ContentTitleText>", note.note().get());
+       case VerificationNote::Code::PARTIALLY_ENCRYPTED:
+               return "Some assets are encrypted but some are not";
        }
 
        return "";
 }
+
+
+bool
+dcp::operator== (dcp::VerificationNote const& a, dcp::VerificationNote const& b)
+{
+       return a.type() == b.type() && a.code() == b.code() && a.note() == b.note() && a.file() == b.file() && a.line() == b.line();
+}
+
+
+std::ostream&
+dcp::operator<< (std::ostream& s, dcp::VerificationNote const& note)
+{
+       s << note_to_string (note);
+       if (note.note()) {
+               s << " [" << note.note().get() << "]";
+       }
+       if (note.file()) {
+               s << " [" << note.file().get() << "]";
+       }
+       if (note.line()) {
+               s << " [" << note.line().get() << "]";
+       }
+       return s;
+}
+