1 /************************************************************************/
3 \brief Realtime audio i/o C++ classes.
5 RtAudio provides a common API (Application Programming Interface)
6 for realtime audio input/output across Linux (native ALSA, Jack,
7 and OSS), Macintosh OS X (CoreAudio and Jack), and Windows
8 (DirectSound, ASIO and WASAPI) operating systems.
10 RtAudio WWW site: http://www.music.mcgill.ca/~gary/rtaudio/
12 RtAudio: realtime audio i/o C++ classes
13 Copyright (c) 2001-2017 Gary P. Scavone
15 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
16 obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files
17 (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
18 including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
19 publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
20 and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
21 subject to the following conditions:
23 The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
24 included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
26 Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
27 asked to send the modifications to the original developer so that
28 they can be incorporated into the canonical version. This is,
29 however, not a binding provision of this license.
31 THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
32 EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
33 MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
34 IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
35 ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
36 CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
37 WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
39 /************************************************************************/
48 #define RTAUDIO_VERSION "5.0.0"
50 #if defined _WIN32 || defined __CYGWIN__
51 #define RTAUDIO_DLL_PUBLIC
54 #define RTAUDIO_DLL_PUBLIC __attribute__( (visibility( "default" )) )
56 #define RTAUDIO_DLL_PUBLIC
65 /*! \typedef typedef unsigned long RtAudioFormat;
66 \brief RtAudio data format type.
68 Support for signed integers and floats. Audio data fed to/from an
69 RtAudio stream is assumed to ALWAYS be in host byte order. The
70 internal routines will automatically take care of any necessary
71 byte-swapping between the host format and the soundcard. Thus,
72 endian-ness is not a concern in the following format definitions.
74 - \e RTAUDIO_SINT8: 8-bit signed integer.
75 - \e RTAUDIO_SINT16: 16-bit signed integer.
76 - \e RTAUDIO_SINT24: 24-bit signed integer.
77 - \e RTAUDIO_SINT32: 32-bit signed integer.
78 - \e RTAUDIO_FLOAT32: Normalized between plus/minus 1.0.
79 - \e RTAUDIO_FLOAT64: Normalized between plus/minus 1.0.
81 typedef unsigned long RtAudioFormat;
82 static const RtAudioFormat RTAUDIO_SINT8 = 0x1; // 8-bit signed integer.
83 static const RtAudioFormat RTAUDIO_SINT16 = 0x2; // 16-bit signed integer.
84 static const RtAudioFormat RTAUDIO_SINT24 = 0x4; // 24-bit signed integer.
85 static const RtAudioFormat RTAUDIO_SINT32 = 0x8; // 32-bit signed integer.
86 static const RtAudioFormat RTAUDIO_FLOAT32 = 0x10; // Normalized between plus/minus 1.0.
87 static const RtAudioFormat RTAUDIO_FLOAT64 = 0x20; // Normalized between plus/minus 1.0.
89 /*! \typedef typedef unsigned long RtAudioStreamFlags;
90 \brief RtAudio stream option flags.
92 The following flags can be OR'ed together to allow a client to
93 make changes to the default stream behavior:
95 - \e RTAUDIO_NONINTERLEAVED: Use non-interleaved buffers (default = interleaved).
96 - \e RTAUDIO_MINIMIZE_LATENCY: Attempt to set stream parameters for lowest possible latency.
97 - \e RTAUDIO_HOG_DEVICE: Attempt grab device for exclusive use.
98 - \e RTAUDIO_ALSA_USE_DEFAULT: Use the "default" PCM device (ALSA only).
99 - \e RTAUDIO_JACK_DONT_CONNECT: Do not automatically connect ports (JACK only).
101 By default, RtAudio streams pass and receive audio data from the
102 client in an interleaved format. By passing the
103 RTAUDIO_NONINTERLEAVED flag to the openStream() function, audio
104 data will instead be presented in non-interleaved buffers. In
105 this case, each buffer argument in the RtAudioCallback function
106 will point to a single array of data, with \c nFrames samples for
107 each channel concatenated back-to-back. For example, the first
108 sample of data for the second channel would be located at index \c
109 nFrames (assuming the \c buffer pointer was recast to the correct
110 data type for the stream).
112 Certain audio APIs offer a number of parameters that influence the
113 I/O latency of a stream. By default, RtAudio will attempt to set
114 these parameters internally for robust (glitch-free) performance
115 (though some APIs, like Windows Direct Sound, make this difficult).
116 By passing the RTAUDIO_MINIMIZE_LATENCY flag to the openStream()
117 function, internal stream settings will be influenced in an attempt
118 to minimize stream latency, though possibly at the expense of stream
121 If the RTAUDIO_HOG_DEVICE flag is set, RtAudio will attempt to
122 open the input and/or output stream device(s) for exclusive use.
123 Note that this is not possible with all supported audio APIs.
125 If the RTAUDIO_SCHEDULE_REALTIME flag is set, RtAudio will attempt
126 to select realtime scheduling (round-robin) for the callback thread.
128 If the RTAUDIO_ALSA_USE_DEFAULT flag is set, RtAudio will attempt to
129 open the "default" PCM device when using the ALSA API. Note that this
130 will override any specified input or output device id.
132 If the RTAUDIO_JACK_DONT_CONNECT flag is set, RtAudio will not attempt
133 to automatically connect the ports of the client to the audio device.
135 typedef unsigned int RtAudioStreamFlags;
136 static const RtAudioStreamFlags RTAUDIO_NONINTERLEAVED = 0x1; // Use non-interleaved buffers (default = interleaved).
137 static const RtAudioStreamFlags RTAUDIO_MINIMIZE_LATENCY = 0x2; // Attempt to set stream parameters for lowest possible latency.
138 static const RtAudioStreamFlags RTAUDIO_HOG_DEVICE = 0x4; // Attempt grab device and prevent use by others.
139 static const RtAudioStreamFlags RTAUDIO_SCHEDULE_REALTIME = 0x8; // Try to select realtime scheduling for callback thread.
140 static const RtAudioStreamFlags RTAUDIO_ALSA_USE_DEFAULT = 0x10; // Use the "default" PCM device (ALSA only).
141 static const RtAudioStreamFlags RTAUDIO_JACK_DONT_CONNECT = 0x20; // Do not automatically connect ports (JACK only).
143 /*! \typedef typedef unsigned long RtAudioStreamStatus;
144 \brief RtAudio stream status (over- or underflow) flags.
146 Notification of a stream over- or underflow is indicated by a
147 non-zero stream \c status argument in the RtAudioCallback function.
148 The stream status can be one of the following two options,
149 depending on whether the stream is open for output and/or input:
151 - \e RTAUDIO_INPUT_OVERFLOW: Input data was discarded because of an overflow condition at the driver.
152 - \e RTAUDIO_OUTPUT_UNDERFLOW: The output buffer ran low, likely producing a break in the output sound.
154 typedef unsigned int RtAudioStreamStatus;
155 static const RtAudioStreamStatus RTAUDIO_INPUT_OVERFLOW = 0x1; // Input data was discarded because of an overflow condition at the driver.
156 static const RtAudioStreamStatus RTAUDIO_OUTPUT_UNDERFLOW = 0x2; // The output buffer ran low, likely causing a gap in the output sound.
158 //! RtAudio callback function prototype.
160 All RtAudio clients must create a function of type RtAudioCallback
161 to read and/or write data from/to the audio stream. When the
162 underlying audio system is ready for new input or output data, this
163 function will be invoked.
165 \param outputBuffer For output (or duplex) streams, the client
166 should write \c nFrames of audio sample frames into this
167 buffer. This argument should be recast to the datatype
168 specified when the stream was opened. For input-only
169 streams, this argument will be NULL.
171 \param inputBuffer For input (or duplex) streams, this buffer will
172 hold \c nFrames of input audio sample frames. This
173 argument should be recast to the datatype specified when the
174 stream was opened. For output-only streams, this argument
177 \param nFrames The number of sample frames of input or output
178 data in the buffers. The actual buffer size in bytes is
179 dependent on the data type and number of channels in use.
181 \param streamTime The number of seconds that have elapsed since the
184 \param status If non-zero, this argument indicates a data overflow
185 or underflow condition for the stream. The particular
186 condition can be determined by comparison with the
187 RtAudioStreamStatus flags.
189 \param userData A pointer to optional data provided by the client
190 when opening the stream (default = NULL).
192 To continue normal stream operation, the RtAudioCallback function
193 should return a value of zero. To stop the stream and drain the
194 output buffer, the function should return a value of one. To abort
195 the stream immediately, the client should return a value of two.
197 typedef int (*RtAudioCallback)( void *outputBuffer, void *inputBuffer,
198 unsigned int nFrames,
200 RtAudioStreamStatus status,
203 /************************************************************************/
204 /*! \class RtAudioError
205 \brief Exception handling class for RtAudio.
207 The RtAudioError class is quite simple but it does allow errors to be
208 "caught" by RtAudioError::Type. See the RtAudio documentation to know
209 which methods can throw an RtAudioError.
211 /************************************************************************/
213 class RTAUDIO_DLL_PUBLIC RtAudioError : public std::runtime_error
216 //! Defined RtAudioError types.
218 WARNING, /*!< A non-critical error. */
219 DEBUG_WARNING, /*!< A non-critical error which might be useful for debugging. */
220 UNSPECIFIED, /*!< The default, unspecified error type. */
221 NO_DEVICES_FOUND, /*!< No devices found on system. */
222 INVALID_DEVICE, /*!< An invalid device ID was specified. */
223 MEMORY_ERROR, /*!< An error occured during memory allocation. */
224 INVALID_PARAMETER, /*!< An invalid parameter was specified to a function. */
225 INVALID_USE, /*!< The function was called incorrectly. */
226 DRIVER_ERROR, /*!< A system driver error occured. */
227 SYSTEM_ERROR, /*!< A system error occured. */
228 THREAD_ERROR /*!< A thread error occured. */
232 RtAudioError( const std::string& message,
233 Type type = RtAudioError::UNSPECIFIED )
234 : std::runtime_error(message), type_(type) {}
236 //! Prints thrown error message to stderr.
237 virtual void printMessage( void ) const
238 { std::cerr << '\n' << what() << "\n\n"; }
240 //! Returns the thrown error message type.
241 virtual const Type& getType(void) const { return type_; }
243 //! Returns the thrown error message string.
244 virtual const std::string getMessage(void) const
245 { return std::string(what()); }
251 //! RtAudio error callback function prototype.
253 \param type Type of error.
254 \param errorText Error description.
256 typedef void (*RtAudioErrorCallback)( RtAudioError::Type type, const std::string &errorText );
258 // **************************************************************** //
260 // RtAudio class declaration.
262 // RtAudio is a "controller" used to select an available audio i/o
263 // interface. It presents a common API for the user to call but all
264 // functionality is implemented by the class RtApi and its
265 // subclasses. RtAudio creates an instance of an RtApi subclass
266 // based on the user's API choice. If no choice is made, RtAudio
267 // attempts to make a "logical" API selection.
269 // **************************************************************** //
273 class RTAUDIO_DLL_PUBLIC RtAudio
277 //! Audio API specifier arguments.
279 UNSPECIFIED, /*!< Search for a working compiled API. */
280 LINUX_ALSA, /*!< The Advanced Linux Sound Architecture API. */
281 LINUX_PULSE, /*!< The Linux PulseAudio API. */
282 LINUX_OSS, /*!< The Linux Open Sound System API. */
283 UNIX_JACK, /*!< The Jack Low-Latency Audio Server API. */
284 MACOSX_CORE, /*!< Macintosh OS-X Core Audio API. */
285 WINDOWS_WASAPI, /*!< The Microsoft WASAPI API. */
286 WINDOWS_ASIO, /*!< The Steinberg Audio Stream I/O API. */
287 WINDOWS_DS, /*!< The Microsoft Direct Sound API. */
288 RTAUDIO_DUMMY /*!< A compilable but non-functional API. */
291 //! The public device information structure for returning queried values.
293 bool probed; /*!< true if the device capabilities were successfully probed. */
294 std::string name; /*!< Character string device identifier. */
295 unsigned int outputChannels; /*!< Maximum output channels supported by device. */
296 unsigned int inputChannels; /*!< Maximum input channels supported by device. */
297 unsigned int duplexChannels; /*!< Maximum simultaneous input/output channels supported by device. */
298 bool isDefaultOutput; /*!< true if this is the default output device. */
299 bool isDefaultInput; /*!< true if this is the default input device. */
300 std::vector<unsigned int> sampleRates; /*!< Supported sample rates (queried from list of standard rates). */
301 unsigned int preferredSampleRate; /*!< Preferred sample rate, eg. for WASAPI the system sample rate. */
302 RtAudioFormat nativeFormats; /*!< Bit mask of supported data formats. */
304 // Default constructor.
306 :probed(false), outputChannels(0), inputChannels(0), duplexChannels(0),
307 isDefaultOutput(false), isDefaultInput(false), preferredSampleRate(0), nativeFormats(0) {}
310 //! The structure for specifying input or ouput stream parameters.
311 struct StreamParameters {
312 unsigned int deviceId; /*!< Device index (0 to getDeviceCount() - 1). */
313 unsigned int nChannels; /*!< Number of channels. */
314 unsigned int firstChannel; /*!< First channel index on device (default = 0). */
316 // Default constructor.
318 : deviceId(0), nChannels(0), firstChannel(0) {}
321 //! The structure for specifying stream options.
323 The following flags can be OR'ed together to allow a client to
324 make changes to the default stream behavior:
326 - \e RTAUDIO_NONINTERLEAVED: Use non-interleaved buffers (default = interleaved).
327 - \e RTAUDIO_MINIMIZE_LATENCY: Attempt to set stream parameters for lowest possible latency.
328 - \e RTAUDIO_HOG_DEVICE: Attempt grab device for exclusive use.
329 - \e RTAUDIO_SCHEDULE_REALTIME: Attempt to select realtime scheduling for callback thread.
330 - \e RTAUDIO_ALSA_USE_DEFAULT: Use the "default" PCM device (ALSA only).
332 By default, RtAudio streams pass and receive audio data from the
333 client in an interleaved format. By passing the
334 RTAUDIO_NONINTERLEAVED flag to the openStream() function, audio
335 data will instead be presented in non-interleaved buffers. In
336 this case, each buffer argument in the RtAudioCallback function
337 will point to a single array of data, with \c nFrames samples for
338 each channel concatenated back-to-back. For example, the first
339 sample of data for the second channel would be located at index \c
340 nFrames (assuming the \c buffer pointer was recast to the correct
341 data type for the stream).
343 Certain audio APIs offer a number of parameters that influence the
344 I/O latency of a stream. By default, RtAudio will attempt to set
345 these parameters internally for robust (glitch-free) performance
346 (though some APIs, like Windows Direct Sound, make this difficult).
347 By passing the RTAUDIO_MINIMIZE_LATENCY flag to the openStream()
348 function, internal stream settings will be influenced in an attempt
349 to minimize stream latency, though possibly at the expense of stream
352 If the RTAUDIO_HOG_DEVICE flag is set, RtAudio will attempt to
353 open the input and/or output stream device(s) for exclusive use.
354 Note that this is not possible with all supported audio APIs.
356 If the RTAUDIO_SCHEDULE_REALTIME flag is set, RtAudio will attempt
357 to select realtime scheduling (round-robin) for the callback thread.
358 The \c priority parameter will only be used if the RTAUDIO_SCHEDULE_REALTIME
359 flag is set. It defines the thread's realtime priority.
361 If the RTAUDIO_ALSA_USE_DEFAULT flag is set, RtAudio will attempt to
362 open the "default" PCM device when using the ALSA API. Note that this
363 will override any specified input or output device id.
365 The \c numberOfBuffers parameter can be used to control stream
366 latency in the Windows DirectSound, Linux OSS, and Linux Alsa APIs
367 only. A value of two is usually the smallest allowed. Larger
368 numbers can potentially result in more robust stream performance,
369 though likely at the cost of stream latency. The value set by the
370 user is replaced during execution of the RtAudio::openStream()
371 function by the value actually used by the system.
373 The \c streamName parameter can be used to set the client name
374 when using the Jack API. By default, the client name is set to
375 RtApiJack. However, if you wish to create multiple instances of
376 RtAudio with Jack, each instance must have a unique client name.
378 struct StreamOptions {
379 RtAudioStreamFlags flags; /*!< A bit-mask of stream flags (RTAUDIO_NONINTERLEAVED, RTAUDIO_MINIMIZE_LATENCY, RTAUDIO_HOG_DEVICE, RTAUDIO_ALSA_USE_DEFAULT). */
380 unsigned int numberOfBuffers; /*!< Number of stream buffers. */
381 std::string streamName; /*!< A stream name (currently used only in Jack). */
382 int priority; /*!< Scheduling priority of callback thread (only used with flag RTAUDIO_SCHEDULE_REALTIME). */
384 // Default constructor.
386 : flags(0), numberOfBuffers(0), priority(0) {}
389 //! A static function to determine the current RtAudio version.
390 static std::string getVersion( void );
392 //! A static function to determine the available compiled audio APIs.
394 The values returned in the std::vector can be compared against
395 the enumerated list values. Note that there can be more than one
396 API compiled for certain operating systems.
398 static void getCompiledApi( std::vector<RtAudio::Api> &apis );
400 //! Return the name of a specified compiled audio API.
402 If the API is unknown or not compiled, this function will return
405 static const std::string &getCompiledApiName( RtAudio::Api api );
407 //! Return the compiled audio API having the given name.
409 A case insensitive comparison will check the specified name
410 against the list of compiled APIs, and return the one which
411 matches. On failure, the function returns UNSPECIFIED.
413 static RtAudio::Api getCompiledApiByName( const std::string &name );
415 //! The class constructor.
417 The constructor performs minor initialization tasks. An exception
418 can be thrown if no API support is compiled.
420 If no API argument is specified and multiple API support has been
421 compiled, the default order of use is JACK, ALSA, OSS (Linux
422 systems) and ASIO, DS (Windows systems).
424 RtAudio( RtAudio::Api api=UNSPECIFIED );
428 If a stream is running or open, it will be stopped and closed
433 //! Returns the audio API specifier for the current instance of RtAudio.
434 RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi( void );
436 //! A public function that queries for the number of audio devices available.
438 This function performs a system query of available devices each time it
439 is called, thus supporting devices connected \e after instantiation. If
440 a system error occurs during processing, a warning will be issued.
442 unsigned int getDeviceCount( void );
444 //! Return an RtAudio::DeviceInfo structure for a specified device number.
447 Any device integer between 0 and getDeviceCount() - 1 is valid.
448 If an invalid argument is provided, an RtAudioError (type = INVALID_USE)
449 will be thrown. If a device is busy or otherwise unavailable, the
450 structure member "probed" will have a value of "false" and all
451 other members are undefined. If the specified device is the
452 current default input or output device, the corresponding
453 "isDefault" member will have a value of "true".
455 RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device );
457 //! A function that returns the index of the default output device.
459 If the underlying audio API does not provide a "default
460 device", or if no devices are available, the return value will be
461 0. Note that this is a valid device identifier and it is the
462 client's responsibility to verify that a device is available
463 before attempting to open a stream.
465 unsigned int getDefaultOutputDevice( void );
467 //! A function that returns the index of the default input device.
469 If the underlying audio API does not provide a "default
470 device", or if no devices are available, the return value will be
471 0. Note that this is a valid device identifier and it is the
472 client's responsibility to verify that a device is available
473 before attempting to open a stream.
475 unsigned int getDefaultInputDevice( void );
477 //! A public function for opening a stream with the specified parameters.
479 An RtAudioError (type = SYSTEM_ERROR) is thrown if a stream cannot be
480 opened with the specified parameters or an error occurs during
481 processing. An RtAudioError (type = INVALID_USE) is thrown if any
482 invalid device ID or channel number parameters are specified.
484 \param outputParameters Specifies output stream parameters to use
485 when opening a stream, including a device ID, number of channels,
486 and starting channel number. For input-only streams, this
487 argument should be NULL. The device ID is an index value between
488 0 and getDeviceCount() - 1.
489 \param inputParameters Specifies input stream parameters to use
490 when opening a stream, including a device ID, number of channels,
491 and starting channel number. For output-only streams, this
492 argument should be NULL. The device ID is an index value between
493 0 and getDeviceCount() - 1.
494 \param format An RtAudioFormat specifying the desired sample data format.
495 \param sampleRate The desired sample rate (sample frames per second).
496 \param *bufferFrames A pointer to a value indicating the desired
497 internal buffer size in sample frames. The actual value
498 used by the device is returned via the same pointer. A
499 value of zero can be specified, in which case the lowest
500 allowable value is determined.
501 \param callback A client-defined function that will be invoked
502 when input data is available and/or output data is needed.
503 \param userData An optional pointer to data that can be accessed
504 from within the callback function.
505 \param options An optional pointer to a structure containing various
506 global stream options, including a list of OR'ed RtAudioStreamFlags
507 and a suggested number of stream buffers that can be used to
508 control stream latency. More buffers typically result in more
509 robust performance, though at a cost of greater latency. If a
510 value of zero is specified, a system-specific median value is
511 chosen. If the RTAUDIO_MINIMIZE_LATENCY flag bit is set, the
512 lowest allowable value is used. The actual value used is
513 returned via the structure argument. The parameter is API dependent.
514 \param errorCallback A client-defined function that will be invoked
515 when an error has occured.
517 void openStream( RtAudio::StreamParameters *outputParameters,
518 RtAudio::StreamParameters *inputParameters,
519 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int sampleRate,
520 unsigned int *bufferFrames, RtAudioCallback callback,
521 void *userData = NULL, RtAudio::StreamOptions *options = NULL, RtAudioErrorCallback errorCallback = NULL );
523 //! A function that closes a stream and frees any associated stream memory.
525 If a stream is not open, this function issues a warning and
526 returns (no exception is thrown).
528 void closeStream( void );
530 //! A function that starts a stream.
532 An RtAudioError (type = SYSTEM_ERROR) is thrown if an error occurs
533 during processing. An RtAudioError (type = INVALID_USE) is thrown if a
534 stream is not open. A warning is issued if the stream is already
537 void startStream( void );
539 //! Stop a stream, allowing any samples remaining in the output queue to be played.
541 An RtAudioError (type = SYSTEM_ERROR) is thrown if an error occurs
542 during processing. An RtAudioError (type = INVALID_USE) is thrown if a
543 stream is not open. A warning is issued if the stream is already
546 void stopStream( void );
548 //! Stop a stream, discarding any samples remaining in the input/output queue.
550 An RtAudioError (type = SYSTEM_ERROR) is thrown if an error occurs
551 during processing. An RtAudioError (type = INVALID_USE) is thrown if a
552 stream is not open. A warning is issued if the stream is already
555 void abortStream( void );
557 //! Returns true if a stream is open and false if not.
558 bool isStreamOpen( void ) const;
560 //! Returns true if the stream is running and false if it is stopped or not open.
561 bool isStreamRunning( void ) const;
563 //! Returns the number of elapsed seconds since the stream was started.
565 If a stream is not open, an RtAudioError (type = INVALID_USE) will be thrown.
567 double getStreamTime( void );
569 //! Set the stream time to a time in seconds greater than or equal to 0.0.
571 If a stream is not open, an RtAudioError (type = INVALID_USE) will be thrown.
573 void setStreamTime( double time );
575 //! Returns the internal stream latency in sample frames.
577 The stream latency refers to delay in audio input and/or output
578 caused by internal buffering by the audio system and/or hardware.
579 For duplex streams, the returned value will represent the sum of
580 the input and output latencies. If a stream is not open, an
581 RtAudioError (type = INVALID_USE) will be thrown. If the API does not
582 report latency, the return value will be zero.
584 long getStreamLatency( void );
586 //! Returns actual sample rate in use by the stream.
588 On some systems, the sample rate used may be slightly different
589 than that specified in the stream parameters. If a stream is not
590 open, an RtAudioError (type = INVALID_USE) will be thrown.
592 unsigned int getStreamSampleRate( void );
594 //! Specify whether warning messages should be printed to stderr.
595 void showWarnings( bool value = true );
599 void openRtApi( RtAudio::Api api );
603 // Operating system dependent thread functionality.
604 #if defined(__WINDOWS_DS__) || defined(__WINDOWS_ASIO__) || defined(__WINDOWS_WASAPI__)
612 typedef uintptr_t ThreadHandle;
613 typedef CRITICAL_SECTION StreamMutex;
615 #elif defined(__LINUX_ALSA__) || defined(__LINUX_PULSE__) || defined(__UNIX_JACK__) || defined(__LINUX_OSS__) || defined(__MACOSX_CORE__)
616 // Using pthread library for various flavors of unix.
619 typedef pthread_t ThreadHandle;
620 typedef pthread_mutex_t StreamMutex;
622 #else // Setup for "dummy" behavior
624 #define __RTAUDIO_DUMMY__
625 typedef int ThreadHandle;
626 typedef int StreamMutex;
630 // This global structure type is used to pass callback information
631 // between the private RtAudio stream structure and global callback
632 // handling functions.
633 struct CallbackInfo {
634 void *object; // Used as a "this" pointer.
639 void *apiInfo; // void pointer for API specific callback information
644 // Default constructor.
646 :object(0), callback(0), userData(0), errorCallback(0), apiInfo(0), isRunning(false), doRealtime(false), priority(0) {}
649 // **************************************************************** //
651 // RtApi class declaration.
653 // Subclasses of RtApi contain all API- and OS-specific code necessary
654 // to fully implement the RtAudio API.
656 // Note that RtApi is an abstract base class and cannot be
657 // explicitly instantiated. The class RtAudio will create an
658 // instance of an RtApi subclass (RtApiOss, RtApiAlsa,
659 // RtApiJack, RtApiCore, RtApiDs, or RtApiAsio).
661 // **************************************************************** //
663 #pragma pack(push, 1)
672 S24& operator = ( const int& i ) {
673 c3[0] = (i & 0x000000ff);
674 c3[1] = (i & 0x0000ff00) >> 8;
675 c3[2] = (i & 0x00ff0000) >> 16;
679 S24( const S24& v ) { *this = v; }
680 S24( const double& d ) { *this = (int) d; }
681 S24( const float& f ) { *this = (int) f; }
682 S24( const signed short& s ) { *this = (int) s; }
683 S24( const char& c ) { *this = (int) c; }
686 int i = c3[0] | (c3[1] << 8) | (c3[2] << 16);
687 if (i & 0x800000) i |= ~0xffffff;
693 #if defined( HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY )
694 #include <sys/time.h>
699 class RTAUDIO_DLL_PUBLIC RtApi
705 virtual RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi( void ) = 0;
706 virtual unsigned int getDeviceCount( void ) = 0;
707 virtual RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device ) = 0;
708 virtual unsigned int getDefaultInputDevice( void );
709 virtual unsigned int getDefaultOutputDevice( void );
710 void openStream( RtAudio::StreamParameters *outputParameters,
711 RtAudio::StreamParameters *inputParameters,
712 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int sampleRate,
713 unsigned int *bufferFrames, RtAudioCallback callback,
714 void *userData, RtAudio::StreamOptions *options,
715 RtAudioErrorCallback errorCallback );
716 virtual void closeStream( void );
717 virtual void startStream( void ) = 0;
718 virtual void stopStream( void ) = 0;
719 virtual void abortStream( void ) = 0;
720 long getStreamLatency( void );
721 unsigned int getStreamSampleRate( void );
722 virtual double getStreamTime( void );
723 virtual void setStreamTime( double time );
724 bool isStreamOpen( void ) const { return stream_.state != STREAM_CLOSED; }
725 bool isStreamRunning( void ) const { return stream_.state == STREAM_RUNNING; }
726 void showWarnings( bool value ) { showWarnings_ = value; }
731 static const unsigned int MAX_SAMPLE_RATES;
732 static const unsigned int SAMPLE_RATES[];
734 enum { FAILURE, SUCCESS };
750 // A protected structure used for buffer conversion.
754 RtAudioFormat inFormat, outFormat;
755 std::vector<int> inOffset;
756 std::vector<int> outOffset;
759 // A protected structure for audio streams.
761 unsigned int device[2]; // Playback and record, respectively.
762 void *apiHandle; // void pointer for API specific stream handle information
763 StreamMode mode; // OUTPUT, INPUT, or DUPLEX.
764 StreamState state; // STOPPED, RUNNING, or CLOSED
765 char *userBuffer[2]; // Playback and record, respectively.
767 bool doConvertBuffer[2]; // Playback and record, respectively.
768 bool userInterleaved;
769 bool deviceInterleaved[2]; // Playback and record, respectively.
770 bool doByteSwap[2]; // Playback and record, respectively.
771 unsigned int sampleRate;
772 unsigned int bufferSize;
773 unsigned int nBuffers;
774 unsigned int nUserChannels[2]; // Playback and record, respectively.
775 unsigned int nDeviceChannels[2]; // Playback and record channels, respectively.
776 unsigned int channelOffset[2]; // Playback and record, respectively.
777 unsigned long latency[2]; // Playback and record, respectively.
778 RtAudioFormat userFormat;
779 RtAudioFormat deviceFormat[2]; // Playback and record, respectively.
781 CallbackInfo callbackInfo;
782 ConvertInfo convertInfo[2];
783 double streamTime; // Number of elapsed seconds since the stream started.
785 #if defined(HAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY)
786 struct timeval lastTickTimestamp;
790 :apiHandle(0), deviceBuffer(0) { device[0] = 11111; device[1] = 11111; }
794 typedef signed short Int16;
795 typedef signed int Int32;
796 typedef float Float32;
797 typedef double Float64;
799 std::ostringstream errorStream_;
800 std::string errorText_;
803 bool firstErrorOccurred_;
806 Protected, api-specific method that attempts to open a device
807 with the given parameters. This function MUST be implemented by
808 all subclasses. If an error is encountered during the probe, a
809 "warning" message is reported and FAILURE is returned. A
810 successful probe is indicated by a return value of SUCCESS.
812 virtual bool probeDeviceOpen( unsigned int device, StreamMode mode, unsigned int channels,
813 unsigned int firstChannel, unsigned int sampleRate,
814 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int *bufferSize,
815 RtAudio::StreamOptions *options );
817 //! A protected function used to increment the stream time.
818 void tickStreamTime( void );
820 //! Protected common method to clear an RtApiStream structure.
821 void clearStreamInfo();
824 Protected common method that throws an RtAudioError (type =
825 INVALID_USE) if a stream is not open.
827 void verifyStream( void );
829 //! Protected common error method to allow global control over error handling.
830 void error( RtAudioError::Type type );
833 Protected method used to perform format, channel number, and/or interleaving
834 conversions between the user and device buffers.
836 void convertBuffer( char *outBuffer, char *inBuffer, ConvertInfo &info );
838 //! Protected common method used to perform byte-swapping on buffers.
839 void byteSwapBuffer( char *buffer, unsigned int samples, RtAudioFormat format );
841 //! Protected common method that returns the number of bytes for a given format.
842 unsigned int formatBytes( RtAudioFormat format );
844 //! Protected common method that sets up the parameters for buffer conversion.
845 void setConvertInfo( StreamMode mode, unsigned int firstChannel );
848 // **************************************************************** //
850 // Inline RtAudio definitions.
852 // **************************************************************** //
854 inline RtAudio::Api RtAudio :: getCurrentApi( void ) { return rtapi_->getCurrentApi(); }
855 inline unsigned int RtAudio :: getDeviceCount( void ) { return rtapi_->getDeviceCount(); }
856 inline RtAudio::DeviceInfo RtAudio :: getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device ) { return rtapi_->getDeviceInfo( device ); }
857 inline unsigned int RtAudio :: getDefaultInputDevice( void ) { return rtapi_->getDefaultInputDevice(); }
858 inline unsigned int RtAudio :: getDefaultOutputDevice( void ) { return rtapi_->getDefaultOutputDevice(); }
859 inline void RtAudio :: closeStream( void ) { return rtapi_->closeStream(); }
860 inline void RtAudio :: startStream( void ) { return rtapi_->startStream(); }
861 inline void RtAudio :: stopStream( void ) { return rtapi_->stopStream(); }
862 inline void RtAudio :: abortStream( void ) { return rtapi_->abortStream(); }
863 inline bool RtAudio :: isStreamOpen( void ) const { return rtapi_->isStreamOpen(); }
864 inline bool RtAudio :: isStreamRunning( void ) const { return rtapi_->isStreamRunning(); }
865 inline long RtAudio :: getStreamLatency( void ) { return rtapi_->getStreamLatency(); }
866 inline unsigned int RtAudio :: getStreamSampleRate( void ) { return rtapi_->getStreamSampleRate(); }
867 inline double RtAudio :: getStreamTime( void ) { return rtapi_->getStreamTime(); }
868 inline void RtAudio :: setStreamTime( double time ) { return rtapi_->setStreamTime( time ); }
869 inline void RtAudio :: showWarnings( bool value ) { rtapi_->showWarnings( value ); }
871 // RtApi Subclass prototypes.
873 #if defined(__MACOSX_CORE__)
875 #include <CoreAudio/AudioHardware.h>
877 class RtApiCore: public RtApi
883 RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi( void ) { return RtAudio::MACOSX_CORE; }
884 unsigned int getDeviceCount( void );
885 RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device );
886 unsigned int getDefaultOutputDevice( void );
887 unsigned int getDefaultInputDevice( void );
888 void closeStream( void );
889 void startStream( void );
890 void stopStream( void );
891 void abortStream( void );
892 long getStreamLatency( void );
894 // This function is intended for internal use only. It must be
895 // public because it is called by the internal callback handler,
896 // which is not a member of RtAudio. External use of this function
897 // will most likely produce highly undesireable results!
898 bool callbackEvent( AudioDeviceID deviceId,
899 const AudioBufferList *inBufferList,
900 const AudioBufferList *outBufferList );
904 bool probeDeviceOpen( unsigned int device, StreamMode mode, unsigned int channels,
905 unsigned int firstChannel, unsigned int sampleRate,
906 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int *bufferSize,
907 RtAudio::StreamOptions *options );
908 static const char* getErrorCode( OSStatus code );
913 #if defined(__UNIX_JACK__)
915 class RtApiJack: public RtApi
921 RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi( void ) { return RtAudio::UNIX_JACK; }
922 unsigned int getDeviceCount( void );
923 RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device );
924 void closeStream( void );
925 void startStream( void );
926 void stopStream( void );
927 void abortStream( void );
928 long getStreamLatency( void );
930 // This function is intended for internal use only. It must be
931 // public because it is called by the internal callback handler,
932 // which is not a member of RtAudio. External use of this function
933 // will most likely produce highly undesireable results!
934 bool callbackEvent( unsigned long nframes );
938 bool probeDeviceOpen( unsigned int device, StreamMode mode, unsigned int channels,
939 unsigned int firstChannel, unsigned int sampleRate,
940 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int *bufferSize,
941 RtAudio::StreamOptions *options );
943 bool shouldAutoconnect_;
948 #if defined(__WINDOWS_ASIO__)
950 class RtApiAsio: public RtApi
956 RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi( void ) { return RtAudio::WINDOWS_ASIO; }
957 unsigned int getDeviceCount( void );
958 RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device );
959 void closeStream( void );
960 void startStream( void );
961 void stopStream( void );
962 void abortStream( void );
963 long getStreamLatency( void );
965 // This function is intended for internal use only. It must be
966 // public because it is called by the internal callback handler,
967 // which is not a member of RtAudio. External use of this function
968 // will most likely produce highly undesireable results!
969 bool callbackEvent( long bufferIndex );
973 std::vector<RtAudio::DeviceInfo> devices_;
974 void saveDeviceInfo( void );
976 bool probeDeviceOpen( unsigned int device, StreamMode mode, unsigned int channels,
977 unsigned int firstChannel, unsigned int sampleRate,
978 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int *bufferSize,
979 RtAudio::StreamOptions *options );
984 #if defined(__WINDOWS_DS__)
986 class RtApiDs: public RtApi
992 RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi( void ) { return RtAudio::WINDOWS_DS; }
993 unsigned int getDeviceCount( void );
994 unsigned int getDefaultOutputDevice( void );
995 unsigned int getDefaultInputDevice( void );
996 RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device );
997 void closeStream( void );
998 void startStream( void );
999 void stopStream( void );
1000 void abortStream( void );
1001 long getStreamLatency( void );
1003 // This function is intended for internal use only. It must be
1004 // public because it is called by the internal callback handler,
1005 // which is not a member of RtAudio. External use of this function
1006 // will most likely produce highly undesireable results!
1007 void callbackEvent( void );
1011 bool coInitialized_;
1012 bool buffersRolling;
1013 long duplexPrerollBytes;
1014 std::vector<struct DsDevice> dsDevices;
1015 bool probeDeviceOpen( unsigned int device, StreamMode mode, unsigned int channels,
1016 unsigned int firstChannel, unsigned int sampleRate,
1017 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int *bufferSize,
1018 RtAudio::StreamOptions *options );
1023 #if defined(__WINDOWS_WASAPI__)
1025 struct IMMDeviceEnumerator;
1027 class RtApiWasapi : public RtApi
1033 RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi( void ) { return RtAudio::WINDOWS_WASAPI; }
1034 unsigned int getDeviceCount( void );
1035 RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device );
1036 unsigned int getDefaultOutputDevice( void );
1037 unsigned int getDefaultInputDevice( void );
1038 void closeStream( void );
1039 void startStream( void );
1040 void stopStream( void );
1041 void abortStream( void );
1044 bool coInitialized_;
1045 IMMDeviceEnumerator* deviceEnumerator_;
1047 bool probeDeviceOpen( unsigned int device, StreamMode mode, unsigned int channels,
1048 unsigned int firstChannel, unsigned int sampleRate,
1049 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int* bufferSize,
1050 RtAudio::StreamOptions* options );
1052 static DWORD WINAPI runWasapiThread( void* wasapiPtr );
1053 static DWORD WINAPI stopWasapiThread( void* wasapiPtr );
1054 static DWORD WINAPI abortWasapiThread( void* wasapiPtr );
1055 void wasapiThread();
1060 #if defined(__LINUX_ALSA__)
1062 class RtApiAlsa: public RtApi
1068 RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi() { return RtAudio::LINUX_ALSA; }
1069 unsigned int getDeviceCount( void );
1070 RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device );
1071 void closeStream( void );
1072 void startStream( void );
1073 void stopStream( void );
1074 void abortStream( void );
1076 // This function is intended for internal use only. It must be
1077 // public because it is called by the internal callback handler,
1078 // which is not a member of RtAudio. External use of this function
1079 // will most likely produce highly undesireable results!
1080 void callbackEvent( void );
1084 std::vector<RtAudio::DeviceInfo> devices_;
1085 void saveDeviceInfo( void );
1086 bool probeDeviceOpen( unsigned int device, StreamMode mode, unsigned int channels,
1087 unsigned int firstChannel, unsigned int sampleRate,
1088 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int *bufferSize,
1089 RtAudio::StreamOptions *options );
1094 #if defined(__LINUX_PULSE__)
1096 class RtApiPulse: public RtApi
1100 RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi() { return RtAudio::LINUX_PULSE; }
1101 unsigned int getDeviceCount( void );
1102 RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device );
1103 void closeStream( void );
1104 void startStream( void );
1105 void stopStream( void );
1106 void abortStream( void );
1108 // This function is intended for internal use only. It must be
1109 // public because it is called by the internal callback handler,
1110 // which is not a member of RtAudio. External use of this function
1111 // will most likely produce highly undesireable results!
1112 void callbackEvent( void );
1116 std::vector<RtAudio::DeviceInfo> devices_;
1117 void saveDeviceInfo( void );
1118 bool probeDeviceOpen( unsigned int device, StreamMode mode, unsigned int channels,
1119 unsigned int firstChannel, unsigned int sampleRate,
1120 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int *bufferSize,
1121 RtAudio::StreamOptions *options );
1126 #if defined(__LINUX_OSS__)
1128 class RtApiOss: public RtApi
1134 RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi() { return RtAudio::LINUX_OSS; }
1135 unsigned int getDeviceCount( void );
1136 RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int device );
1137 void closeStream( void );
1138 void startStream( void );
1139 void stopStream( void );
1140 void abortStream( void );
1142 // This function is intended for internal use only. It must be
1143 // public because it is called by the internal callback handler,
1144 // which is not a member of RtAudio. External use of this function
1145 // will most likely produce highly undesireable results!
1146 void callbackEvent( void );
1150 bool probeDeviceOpen( unsigned int device, StreamMode mode, unsigned int channels,
1151 unsigned int firstChannel, unsigned int sampleRate,
1152 RtAudioFormat format, unsigned int *bufferSize,
1153 RtAudio::StreamOptions *options );
1158 #if defined(__RTAUDIO_DUMMY__)
1160 class RtApiDummy: public RtApi
1164 RtApiDummy() { errorText_ = "RtApiDummy: This class provides no functionality."; error( RtAudioError::WARNING ); }
1165 RtAudio::Api getCurrentApi( void ) { return RtAudio::RTAUDIO_DUMMY; }
1166 unsigned int getDeviceCount( void ) { return 0; }
1167 RtAudio::DeviceInfo getDeviceInfo( unsigned int /*device*/ ) { RtAudio::DeviceInfo info; return info; }
1168 void closeStream( void ) {}
1169 void startStream( void ) {}
1170 void stopStream( void ) {}
1171 void abortStream( void ) {}
1175 bool probeDeviceOpen( unsigned int /*device*/, StreamMode /*mode*/, unsigned int /*channels*/,
1176 unsigned int /*firstChannel*/, unsigned int /*sampleRate*/,
1177 RtAudioFormat /*format*/, unsigned int * /*bufferSize*/,
1178 RtAudio::StreamOptions * /*options*/ ) { return false; }
1185 // Indentation settings for Vim and Emacs
1188 // c-basic-offset: 2
1189 // indent-tabs-mode: nil
1192 // vim: et sts=2 sw=2